Main Ref. | Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993 |
Appearance refers to | |
Bones in OsteoBase | Skull, Spine |
Specialized organs | no special organs |
Different appearance | males alike females |
Different colors | different colors in juveniles and adults |
Remarks |
Striking features | none |
Body shape lateral | fusiform / normal |
Cross section | compressed |
Dorsal head profile | more or less straight |
Type of eyes | more or less normal |
Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
Position of mouth | superior |
Type of scales | ctenoid scales |
Diagnosis |
Distinguished by the following characteristics: brownish yellow, grey or greenish body color; head and dorsal part of body and fins with small black spots; body robust and elongate; body depth contained 2.7-3.4 times in SL; HL 2.3-2.9 in SL; extremely broad head; flat interorbital; rounded preopercle, finely serrate; round nostrils, subequal; maxilla scaly, reaching well past eye; 3-5 rows of subequal teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw; absence of canines at front jaw (Ref. 89707); further characterized by having opercle with 3 flat spines, middle one the largest. Pelvic fins smaller than the pectorals. Bases of soft dorsal and anal fins covered with scales and thick skin. Juveniles tawny with irregular vertical bands. |
Ease of Identification |
Lateral Lines | 1 Interrupted: No |
Scales on lateral line | 61 - 64 |
Pored lateral line scales | |
Scales in lateral series | 89 - 112 |
Scale rows above lateral line | |
Scale rows below lateral line | |
Scales around caudal peduncle | |
Barbels | 0 |
Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
Gill rakers | |
on lower limb | 13 - 15 |
on upper limb | 8 - 9 |
total | 21 - 24 |
Vertebrae | |
preanal | |
total |
Attributes | no striking attributes |
Fins number | 1notched No |
Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
Ventral 0 - 0 | |
Spines total | 11 - 11 |
Soft-rays total | 15 - 16 |
Adipose fin | absent |
Attributes | more or less truncate |
Fins number | 1 |
Spines total | 3 - 3 |
Soft-rays total | 8 - 8 |
Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
Spines 1 | |
Soft-rays 8 - 19 | |
Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
Position abdominal behind origin of D1 | |
Spines | |
Soft-rays |