Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; benthopelagic. Temperate; 41°N - 36°N
North America: Sacramento-San Joaquin, Pajaro and Salinas River drainages in California, USA. Widely introduced elsewhere in western USA.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 73.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5723); common length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 12193); max. published weight: 1.4 kg (Ref. 40637); max. reported age: 9 years (Ref. 72491)
Adults occur in vegetated sloughs, pools of sluggish rivers and lakes; now most common in ponds and impoundments (Ref. 5723).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Male guarding lasts from 0-3 days (Ref. 93240).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
More information
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsElectrophoresesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingNutrientsMass conversion
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