Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; brackish; benthopelagic; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 20 - 30; non-migratory. Tropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 12468); 19°N - 14°N
North and Central America: Rio San Juan, Mexico to Guatemala. At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 11.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 30499); common length : 4.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 12193)
Occurs in warm springs and their effluents, canals and weedy ditches, and stream pools (Ref. 5723). Food is mainly detritus (Ref. 36880). Some populations in caves (Ref. 27297).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
28 days after fertilization female gives birth to 30-80 young. Sexual maturity is reached after 7-12 months (Ref. 2060).
Proudlove, G.S., 1997. A synopsis of the hypogean fishes of the world. p. 351-354. In Proceedings of the 12th International Congress of Speleology, La Chaux de Fonds, Switzerland. vol. 3. (Ref. 27297)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Potential pest (Ref. 1982)
Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial; bait: occasionally
Tools
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