分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 36 m (Ref. 13608). 熱帶; 16°N - 14°S, 87°W - 34°W
Western Central Atlantic: Honduras to Salvador (Bahia) in Brazil.
中西大西洋: 到在巴西的薩爾瓦多 (Bahia) 的宏都拉斯。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 20.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 57.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3273); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3273); 最大体重: 2.3 kg (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (总数): 3; 背的软条 (总数): 28-30; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 25 - 27. Supraorbital and interorbital region smooth, without any filament; scaled area on head extending to middle of eye and opercle spine; 9 discrete pores on inner face of pectoral fin; body brown, with black spots and saddle-shaped blotches (Ref. 13608).
眶上的与眼间骨区域平滑的, 没有任何的丝状突起; 在延伸至眼与鳃盖棘的中央的头部上覆有鳞片的区域; 在胸鳍的内面上的 9个不连续的孔; 身体褐色, 有黑色的斑点与鞍状的斑块。 (参考文献 13608)
Mainly in brackish water (Ref. 5217). Found on sandy-muddy bottoms in shallow warm water. Not so active, lingers over the substrate disguised. Feeds on small gastropod mollusks, crustaceans like crabs (Calappidae, Portunidae, Xanthidae, etc.), shrimps (Penaeidae, Palaemonidae, Alphaeidae, etc.) and fishes. Females are mature at around 20 cm length, males at 25 cm. Spawns 400 to 500 eggs, with a size of 4 to 5 mm (Ref. 35237). Marketed fresh.
主要在半淡咸水。 (参考文献 5217) 在水浅的温暖水栖息于沙泥底了。 不是如此活跃, 在被伪装的底部之上逗留。 吃小的腹足类软件动物，甲壳动物如螃蟹 (馒头蟹，梭子蟹，扇蟹, 等等。) ，虾 (对虾，长臂虾， Alphaeidae, 等等。) 与鱼。 雌性是在大约 20 公分长度时成熟, 在 25 公分的雄性。 产卵 400 到 500个卵, 具有一个 4 到 5 mm 的大小.(参考文献 35237) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
中西大西洋: 到在巴西的薩爾瓦多 (Bahia) 的宏都拉斯。
Collette, B.B., 1978. Batrachoididae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 1. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3273)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
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参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27.1 - 28.3, mean 27.6 °C (based on 300 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00485 - 0.01241), b=3.15 (3.01 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.62 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 102 [53, 175] mg/100g; Iron = 0.946 [0.603, 1.455] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.26 [0.15, 0.46] g/100g; Selenium = 48 [27, 94] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22 [9, 54] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.29 [0.98, 1.75] mg/100g (wet weight);
