Tylochromis leonensis Stiassny, 1989

Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Classification	Actinopterygii \| Perciformes \| Cichlidae \| Pseudocrenilabrinae
Synonyms	... more
Common names	Punaeväseuloja, ... more

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Main reference

Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde. 2003. (Ref. 53405)
Other references | Biblio | Coordinator : Kullander, Sven O. | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 21.9 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 53405)

Environment

Benthopelagic; freshwater

Climate / Range

Tropical; 24°C - 26°C (Ref. 12468); 10°N - 4°N

Africa: Known from coastal rivers from the Kogon (Guinea) to the Bia (Sierra Leone) (Ref. 53405).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 13 - 15; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 16; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 7; Vertebrae: 28. Diagnosis: 2 scale rows between upper lateral line and anterior part of lower lateral line (Ref. 52346, 53405). High lateral line count (38-42); low gill raker count (13-15 along lower limb of first arch); lower pharyngeal jaw with a short, deep keel that is deeply indented along the ventral margin (Ref. 52346). Description: juveniles gracile, slender-bodied fish that become increasingly deep-bodied and robust as they grow larger; predorsal profile in adults rises more or less smoothly to the dorsal fin origin, but a fleshy bulge in the interorbital region often interrupts the outline (Ref. 52346). Front of the head slightly rounded (Ref. 52307). Deepest body depth along the back lies at or a little behind the origin of the dorsal fin; lower jaw more or less along the horizontal when the mouth is closed, but may become increasingly oblique in larger individuals; lower pharyngeal jaw relatively short and robust; lips well-developed but not noticeably thickened or fleshy (Ref. 52346). Outer and inner jaw teeth unicuspid, pharyngeal jaw teeth molariform (Ref. 53405). First hypobranchial and last ceratobranchial rakers often reduced in size while the other ceratobranchial rakers are broad and stout; inferior vertebral apophysis composed of an elongate, caudally straight-edged spine borne on the third vertebral centrum (Ref. 52346). Micro-gillrakers present; scales cycloid (Ref. 53405). 2 scale rows between upper lateral line and anterior part of lower lateral line (Ref. 53405, Ref. 52346, Ref. 52307). 38-42 lateral line scales (Ref. 53405, Ref. 52346). Upper branch of lateral line terminates well in advance of the end of the dorsal fin, usually below the seventh to fifth ray from the free end of the fin; terminal canal bearing scales usually does not descend scale rows; dorsal and ventral branches of lateral line on caudal fin extend almost to the fin periphery, while the median branch is frequently shorter; dorsal fin spines rapidly increasing in length to the fifth or sixth and then more or less equal in length; anal fin rounded; pectoral fins relatively short and rarely reaching the level of the spinous anal fin; first branched pelvic ray often produced and filamentous, often reaching beyond the spinous anal fin; caudal fin emarginate and in larger individuals finely but uniformily scaled almost to the periphery; caudal scaling minimal in juveniles (Ref. 52346). Coloration: No information about color pattern in life (Ref. 53405, Ref. 52346). Preserved specimens are uniformely light (or sometimes dark) brown (Ref. 53405, Ref. 52346), with silvery dots on the body scales (Ref. 52307). In specimens smaller than 18-20cm SL the upper lip and the ethmoidal region are greyish (Ref. 53405, Ref. 52346), a diffuse opercular blotch is present (Ref. 52346), and the sides have 6-7 cross bars extending to below midline, which are very distinct in juveniles (juvenile barring), but fewer and less apparent, and not extending below midline in specimens over 18-20cm SL (Ref. 53405, Ref. 52346). Dorsal fin with mesh-like patterning of numerous non-occelate pale maculae set upon a smokey grey background (Ref. 52346). Mature males have a prominent interorbital stripe in addition to a strongly marked nape band (Ref. 53405, Ref. 52346), and the filamentous first branched ray, and much of the rest of the plevic fin, are a dark smokey grey; in male specimens the smokey grey anal fin bears faint traces of a few white maculae in the proximal field, which is not the case in female specimens; the caudal fin bears numerous thin black stripes (Ref. 52346). Anterior parts of anal fin light red with dark spots that are usually visible (Ref. 52307).

Appears to be an exclusively Upper Guinean Province species (Ref. 52346). Inhabits large sandbanks and hardly ever penetrates into small streams (Ref. 53407). Benthic macrophage (Ref. 52346). Feeds primarily upon insects and their larvae, but also accepts plants (Ref. 52307). Oviphilous mouthbrooder (Ref. 53407).


IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 57073)	Threat to humans
Not Evaluated	Harmless

Human uses


More information
Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration	Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg development	Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment	Other references Biblio Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Diseases Processing	Collaborators Pictures Stamps Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision

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Internet sources

Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models

Resilience (Ref. 69278)

High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)


Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)	Price category (Ref. 80766)
Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100)	Not marketed/unknown

Entered by Sa-a, Pascualita

Modified by Musschoot, Tobias

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