Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 2 - 40 m (Ref. 1602). Tropical; 32°N - 32°S
Indo-Pacific: Sri Lanka east to Samoa and Tonga (Ref. 2334), north to Japan (Ref. 559), south to Onslow, Australia.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2334); common length : 12.5 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9893)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع): 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع): 62-73; شوكة شرجية 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 48 - 55. Eyes on right side. Dorsal and anal fins separate from caudal fin; pectoral fins absent; pelvic fins unequal, the right one with an elongated base and attached posteriorly to genital papilla (Ref. 9893). Series of toxic glands along the bases of dorsal- and anal-fin rays, their pores visible (Ref. 9893). Reddish brown, densely spotted on head; body and fins of ocular surface also with spots of various sizes and shapes, bordered by a dark rim and some with a blackish spot on center (Ref. 9893).
Occurs on sand and mud bottoms of lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 1602, 48637). Burries itself in the sand (Ref. 48637). Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates, especially small crustaceans (Ref. 9893). Extract from sac under the skin is toxic (Ref. 559) and the mucus appears to have shark-repellent qualities.
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Allen, G.R. and R. Swainston, 1988. The marine fishes of north-western Australia: a field guide for anglers and divers. Western Australian Museum, Perth. 201 p. (Ref. 3132)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
مزيد من المعلومات
الأسماء الشائعةمرادفاتالأيضمفتريساتعلم السميات البيئيةالتكاثرالنضجوضع البيضتجمعات وضع البيضالخصوبةبيضتطور البيضة
مراجعالأستزراع المائيملف الأستزراع المائيسلالاتجينيElectrophoresesالتوريثالأمراضمعالجةNutrientsMass conversion
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 29, mean 28.1 °C (based on 986 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00584 - 0.01711), b=3.10 (2.95 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.26 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 68.5 [25.4, 247.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.583 [0.244, 1.161] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.3, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.0664 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 29.2 [14.6, 61.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.7 [17.3, 257.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.22 [0.74, 1.78] mg/100g (wet weight);