Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة; مياه مخلوطة; مهاجرة بين الياه الملحه و الحلوة لكن ليس للتزاوج (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 25°C - 30°C (Ref. 1672)
Asia and Oceania: India eastward to the Philippines, and south to Indonesia, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, and northern Australia.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4833); common length : 20.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4833)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع): 4; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع): 11-13; شوكة شرجية 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 15 - 17.
Occurs primarily in brackish mangrove estuaries, but also penetrates rivers and small streams (Ref. 4833, 44894). Reported to occur near overhanging vegetation on reefs (Ref. 9710, 48636). Usually in small aggregations (Ref. 48635). Feeds at the surface during daytime on floating debris which includes insects and vegetable matter. It is renowned for its ability to 'shoot down' insect prey by expelling beads of water from its mouth with considerable force and for its remarkable ability to compensate for visual refraction when aiming its shoots; shooting range is about 150 cm (Ref. 2847, 55339). Sold fresh in markets.
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Allen, G.R., 1991. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of New Guinea. Publication, no. 9. 268 p. Christensen Research Institute, Madang, Papua New Guinea. (Ref. 2847)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; حوض مائي: تجاري
مزيد من المعلومات
مراجعالأستزراع المائيملف الأستزراع المائيسلالاتجينيElectrophoresesالتوريثالأمراضمعالجةNutrientsMass conversion
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
Download XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.00635 - 0.04340), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.6 ±0.27 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).