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ऐकटीनोप्टीरेजी (रेज़-फिन्नढ मछलियाँ) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Gerreidae (Mojarras)
Etymology: Gerres: Latin, gerres = a kind of anchovies; cited by Plinius.

पर्यावरण / जलवायु / सीमा पारिस्थितिकी

; समुद्री; स्वच्छ जल, अलवण जल; खारा प्रवाल-भित्ति संयुक्त; ऐम्फिढरोमस (Ref. 51243). Tropical

Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m 11.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 37.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 11441); common length : 20.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 5450)

Short description आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण): 9; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण): 10; गुदा कांटा 3; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 7. Live specimens' head and trunk sides olive-green above, becoming silvery below; snout region blackish dorsally; dorsal fin membrane with faint black blotches or small spots at each spine and ray, just above edge of scaly basal sheath, silvery anteriorly on 1st-5th dorsal spine, grading to hyaline on spinous and soft dorsal fin; anal fin scaly basal sheath silver; distal part of pelvic fin between 1st-5th soft rays often white or hyaline for 1/5-1/3 of ray length, other parts hyaline or slightly yellowish; pectoral and anal fins hyaline. Caudal fin dusky with broad darker margin posteriorly which may be indistinct in old or poorly preserved specimens; ventral edge of lower caudal fin lobe white or bluish-white. Generally, body with prominent dark stripes along scale rows above lateral line (distinct in preserved specimens); 4-9 somewhat oblique dusky bars or columns of ovoid dark spots immediately below lateral line in specimens over 10 cm SL (dusky bars on less than 10 cm) but more apparent in preserved or stressed individuals. Scales between 5th dorsal fin spine base and lateral line 5-6.5 (modally 5.5). Upper jaw extending vertically beyond anteriormost margin of dermal eye opening, sometimes reaching to vertical at anterior margin of pupil. Second dorsal fin spine longest, 17-25% SL (Ref. 41108, 4372). Compared with G. oblongus, G. longirostris has a greater body depth, mean 39% SL (versus 33% SL); smaller orbit diameter, mean 10%SL (versus 12% SL); and greater length of 3rd anal fin spine, mean 12% SL (versus 10% SL). Examination of the meristic and morphometric data of the syntypes of G. lineolatus and G. rueppellii, and holotype of G. darnleyense showed all these are subadult or young specimens of G. longirostris (Ref. 41108). Pelvic fin of Red Sea specimens solid yellow with a narrow white distal margin; anal fin with a yellow tinge between the first rays; pectoral fin base with a dark brown spot (Horst Moosleitner, personal communication, homosub@aon.at).

वितरण देश | ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र | Ecosystems | संयोग | भूमिका | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and South Africa to the Marquesas Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Australia.

Adults often in clear coastal waters up to about 50 m depth; juveniles often in estuaries or lagoons influenced by fresh water (Ref. 41108); prefers shallow waters over sandy bottoms, from coral reefs to brackish waters (Ref. 30573). Occurs singly or in groups (Ref. 9710). In the Gilberts, it forms spawning aggregations for a few days around the new moon (Ref. 37816). Sold fresh in markets; processed into fishmeal. Feeds on small bottom invertebrates. Also taken with stake-nets (Ref. 3409).

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक : Woodland, David J. | सहयोगीयो

Iwatsuki, Y., S. Kimura and T. Yoshino, 2001. Redescription of Gerres longirostris (Lacepède, 1801) and Gerres oblongus Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830, included in the Gerres longirostris complex (Perciformes: Gerreidae). Copeia 2001(4):954-965.

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक

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अधिक जानकारी

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates of some properties based on empirical models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01105 (-0.10540 - 0.12750), b=3.04 (2.97 - 3.11), based on LWR estimates for species & genus-BS (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; Based on food items.

लौटाव (Ref. 69278): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (tmax=9; k=0.23-0.29).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Gerres longirostris (Lacepède, 1801)