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Heterodontiformes (Bullhead and horn sharks) >
Heterodontidae (Bullhead, horn, or Port Jackson sharks)
Etymology: Heterodontus: Greek, heteros = other + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
Môi trường / Khí hậu / Phạm vi
Sinh thái học
; Biển gần đáy; Ở đại duơng, biển (Ref. 51243); Mức độ sâu 0 - 275 m (Ref. 26346). Subtropical; 27°S - 44°S, 112°E - 154°E
Western Pacific: southern Australia (including Western Australia) and one record from New Zealand. Heterodontus bona-spei from South Africa probably refers to this species.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 80 - 95 cm
Max length : 165 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 247); common length : 137 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 247)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng): 2; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng): 0; Tia cứng vây hậu môn 0; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 0. Harness-like narrow dark stripes on back (Ref. 9838).
A common shark of the continental shelves (Ref. 9838), from close inshore at the intertidal zone to 275 m (Ref. 6871). Segregates by sex and maturity stage (Ref. 6871). Nocturnal, hides in caves and rocky gullies during the day (Ref. 6871). Feeds on benthic invertebrates, primarily echinoderms (Ref. 247). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Eggs with spiral flanges but lack tendrils (Ref. 6871). Undergoes yearly migrations to spawning sites during breeding season (Ref. 247). Considered harmless to people, but can deliver a painful nip when provoked (Ref. 247).
Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Undergoes yearly migrations to breeding sites. Females lay about 10 to 16 (commonly 10-12) eggs in rock crevices on shallow sheltered reefs at depths of 1-5 m (rarely 20-30 m) during August and September (rarely in July and October). In captivity, females lay 2 eggs a day every 8-17 days. Eggs are hatched after 9-12 months and young then move into nursery areas in bays and estuaries. After the breeding season, males move into deeper waters followed by the females in late September or October.
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 115941)
Not Evaluated
Human uses
Các nghề cá: buôn bán nhỏ; Bể nuôi cá: Bể cá công cộng
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 14.1 - 22.6, mean 16.8 (based on 178 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5059 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm Total Length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.48 se; Based on food items.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
69278): thấp, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 4.5 - 14 năm (tm=8-10; Fec=10).
Prior r = 0.19, 2 SD range = 0.06 - 0.62, log(r) = -1.66, SD log(r) = 0.6, Based on: 1 K, 4 tgen, 1 tmax, 2 Fec records
Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (76 of 100) .