分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 20 - 1000 m (Ref. 6302). 深水域; 75°N - 30°N, 28°W - 46°E (Ref. 54568)
Eastern Atlantic: south-western Barents Sea to Strait of Gibraltar including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. Reported from Iceland (Ref. 4712) and Mauritania (Ref. 5377). North Atlantic specimens attain larger sizes than those collected off West Africa and they also occur in shallower depths.
東大西洋: 到直布羅陀海峽包括地中海與黑海的西南方的巴倫支海。 記錄來自冰島 (參考文獻 4712) 與茅利塔尼亞了。 (參考文獻 5377) 北大西洋標本達到較大比較那些收集外海的非洲西方部與他們也出現在深度較淺的地方。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 55.0, range 35 - 60 cm
Max length : 200 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4712); common length : 100.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4712); 最大体重: 57.7 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 24 年 (Ref. 46508)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数): 8; 背的软条 (总数): 11-12; 臀鳍软条: 9 - 10. Peritoneum pale. Head and body depressed. Mouth wide and cavernous. Skin thin and loose, scales absent. Esca bifid, 2 broad, flattened , leaf-like blades. Dorsal spines long, stout and bearing many well-developed tendrils; 4th spine greater than snout width (Ref. 4712).
腹膜灰白的。 头部与身体扁平的。 嘴巴宽的与凹状的。 皮肤细的与解放, 鳞片不存在。 饵球两裂的,2个宽的，平的，和叶状的叶片。 背棘长的, 矮胖的而且生长着许多发展良好的卷须; 第 4根棘大于吻宽度.(参考文献 4712)
Occurs on sandy and muddy bottoms from the coast (below 20 m, Ref. 12382) down to depths of 1,000 m. May also be found on rocky bottoms (Ref. 12382). It lies half-buried in the sediment waiting for its prey. It attracts prey by means of its fishing filament (Ref. 5377). Feeds mainly on fishes, occasionally sea-birds. Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, sautéed, broiled, boiled, fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). It is a well-studied species in Europe and is sold without the skin and the head under the name 'queue de Lotte' (Ref. 5377). Does not adapt well in home aquariums due to its large size (Ref. 12382).
生活于沙泥底距离海岸 (在 20 公尺之下, 参考文献 12382) 向下至深度 1,000 公尺。 可能也被发现于岩石底部之上.(参考文献 12382) 它在等候它的猎物的沉淀物中躺卧半埋藏地。 它经由它的钓鱼丝状突起吸引猎物。 (参考文献 5377) 主要吃鱼, 偶然地海鸟。 在市场上销售生鲜和冷冻; 清蒸了, 煎炒, 火烤了, 煮沸了, 油炸了, 微波了而且烧烤了。 (参考文献 9988) 在欧洲它是一个充分研究的种而且去皮去头被卖被称为 ' queue de Lotto'.(参考文献 5377) 在家庭的水族箱鱼中适应不良由于它的巨大的体型.(参考文献 12382)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東大西洋: 到直布羅陀海峽包括地中海與黑海的西南方的巴倫支海。 記錄來自冰島 (參考文獻 4712) 與茅利塔尼亞了。 (參考文獻 5377) 北大西洋標本達到較大比較那些收集外海的非洲西方部與他們也出現在深度較淺的地方。
Caruso, J.H., 1986. Lophiidae. p. 1362-1363. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, Volume 3. Unesco, Paris. (Ref. 4712)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 3.8 - 14.2, mean 7.7 °C (based on 468 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01698 (0.01352 - 0.02134), b=2.91 (2.84 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.0 (8.5 - 14.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.07-0.33; tm=4.5-14; tmax=24; Fec=1 million).
Prior r = 0.48, 95% CL = 0.32 - 0.72, Based on 7 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 10.8 [5.5, 23.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.381 [0.157, 0.847] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [16.2, 22.3] %; Omega3 = 0.214 [0.097, 0.481] g/100g; Selenium = 19.7 [7.1, 58.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.58 [0.76, 28.24] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.137 [0.073, 0.438] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
