Haplochromis taurinus

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Haplochromis taurinus Trewavas, 1933

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drawing shows typical species in Cichlidae.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) 鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) 慈鯛科魚類 (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Haplochromis: Greek, Haploos = single + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335);  taurinus: Probably refers to Latin 'taurinus', bull, presumably relating to resemblance of head morphology to that of a bull: stout with firmly thickened lips (Ref. 127594).
More on author: Trewavas.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

; 淡水 底中水層性; 非遷移的. 熱帶; 1°N - 1°S

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Africa: Lakes Edward and George and Kazinga Channel (Ref. 4983, 127594).
非洲: 愛德華湖與喬治湖與 Kazinga 峽道。

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4983)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數): 15 - 17; 背的軟條 (總數): 8-10; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 10; 脊椎骨: 29 - 30. Diagnosis: Haplochromis taurinus differs from all Haplochromis species of Lake Edward system by its anteriorly curved outer teeth in the lower jaw (Ref. 127594). It is distinct from all other known paedophagous species within these lakes by its larger eyes, 32.9-40.2% of head length vs. 29.0-34.7%, and outer teeth with conical necks and bicuspid crowns with major cusps that bear a clear flange vs. cylindrical to constricted necks and uni-, bi-, or weakly tricuspid crowns that, in large specimens of more than 100 mm standard length, bear no flange (Ref. 127594). It is similar to H. molossus and H. gracilifur by its rounded jaws and small lachrymal bones; distinct from H. gracilifur by its deeper caudal peduncle, depth 73.9-88.1% of caudal peduncle length vs. 62.9-66.4%, and longer premaxillary pedicel, 23.5-26.2% of head length vs. 18.1-21.6%; distinct from H. molossus by its more slender jaws, 51.4-72.7% of lower jaw length vs. 67.0-87.0%, more gentle sloping snout, 35-40° vs. 45-55°, and steeper gape inclination, 40-45° vs. 20-30° (Ref. 127594). It is easily separated from H. relictidens and H. paradoxus by its smaller lachrymal bones, 11.5-16.4% of head length vs. 15.8-18.4% and 14.7-21.5%, respectively, and broadly rounded lower jaw vs. anteriorly slender lower jaw; in addition, it has more outer teeth in the upper jaw than H. relictidens and fewer than H. paradoxus, 23-39 vs. 16-26 and 36-65, respectively (Ref. 127594). Mature males of H. taurinus have metallic-blue bodies with dark red flanks vs. colour pattern different in all other paedophagous species (Ref. 127594).

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Apparently confined to inshore areas of the lake where it has been taken off the papyrus fringe and also over sandy beaches in sheltered areas (Ref. 558, 4983). It has a paedophagous diet (Ref. 127594).

顯然地侷限於湖的近海區域了在那裡它已經被脫掉紙草穗邊而且在掩蔽的區域中也在沙灘之上.(參考文獻 4983 與 558)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

Mouthbrooding by females.非洲: 愛德華湖與喬治湖與 Kazinga 峽道。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Kullander, Sven O. | 合作者

van Oijen, M.J.P., J. Snoeks, P.H. Skelton, C. Maréchal and G.G. Teugels, 1991. Haplochromis. p. 100-184. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4983)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 31 January 2006

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





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AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因組, 核甘 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia: , 搜尋 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | 動物學的記錄

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).