分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 2 - 150 m (Ref. 9710). 熱帶; 35°N - 32°S, 30°E - 156°W (Ref. 5222)
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea to Durban, South Africa and eastward to the Line Islands; including most islands in the Indian and west-central Pacific oceans. Absent from Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Misidentified as Cephalopholis cyanostigma from Reunion (Ref. 6453).
印度-太平洋: 紅海到南非的德爾班與向東至列島群島; 在印度洋與中西太平洋中包括大多數的島嶼。 波斯灣與阿曼灣沒有出現。 被誤鑑成來自留尼旺島的 黃背青九棘鱸〔Cephalopholis cyanostigma〕 了。 (參考文獻 6453)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 26 - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 90102)
背棘 (總數): 9; 背的軟條 (總數): 14-15; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 9. Color orange-red to reddish brown, usually dark posteriorly with numerous bright blue spots which are smaller than the pupil and often faintly dark-edged on head, body and median fins; distal margin of caudal fin and soft portions of dorsal and anal fins usually with a narrow blue margin and blackish submarginal line; orange-yellow pectoral fins, on some only distally; orange-red pelvic fins; it is capable of a disruptive color pattern of irregular oblique olivaceous bars; juveniles may be yellow with scattered faint blue spots. D IX, 14-16; A III, 8-9 (rarely 8); pectoral 17-18 (often 18); scales on lateral line 47-55; scales on longitudinal series 94-114; snout anterior to nostrils no scales; partially scaled maxilla; abdomen with cycloid scales; gill rakers 7-9 + 13-15; depth of body 2.65-3.05 in SL; length of head 2.4-2.65 in SL; the maxilla extends to or posterior to rear of the orbit; smooth ventral margin of preopercle; 5th - 8th dorsal spines longest , 3.0-3.6 in head; pectoral fins 1.45-1.75 in head; pelvic fins do not reach the anus, 1.9-2.3 in head (Ref. 4787).
紅色的有大的, 均勻地在頭部，身體與鰭上空間藍色的斑點。
Inhabit clear waters of coral reefs; more often found in exposed rather than protected reef areas (Ref. 5213). Feed on fishes (80%, mainly Pseudanthias squamipinnis) and crustaceans. Form haremic groups comprising of a dominant male and 2 to 12 females. These groups occupy territories of up to 475 sq m subdivided into secondary territories and defended by a single female (Ref. 6480). Generally common (Ref. 9710).
棲息於珊瑚礁的清澈水域; 更時常發現於.裸露的而不是有掩蔽的礁區.(參考文獻 5213) 捕食魚 (80%, 主要地 金花鮨〔Pseudanthias squamipinnis〕 ) 與甲殼動物。 包含一個優勢的雄魚與 2 到 12個雌性的形式一雄多雌一起生活的群。 這些群佔領被一個母魚細分成第二的領土而且防護的達到 457 平方公尺的領土。 (參考文獻 6480) 普通地常見.(參考文獻 9710)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 紅海到南非的德爾班與向東至列島群島; 在印度洋與中西太平洋中包括大多數的島嶼。 波斯灣與阿曼灣沒有出現。 被誤鑑成來自留尼旺島的 黃背青九棘鱸〔Cephalopholis cyanostigma〕 了。 (參考文獻 6453)
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 November 2017
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.7 - 29, mean 27.8 °C (based on 2104 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00714 - 0.01607), b=3.06 (2.94 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tmax=30; K=0.101).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (65 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (57 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 33.1 [19.0, 56.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.462 [0.261, 0.873] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.5, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.165 [0.105, 0.264] g/100g; Selenium = 43.7 [24.0, 79.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 189 [61, 665] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.783 [0.546, 1.236] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
