分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes)
魨形目 (Puffers and filefishes) >
Balistidae (Triggerfishes)
鱗魨科 (Triggerfishes)
Etymology: Balistapus: Derived from Latin = ballistare, to throw (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 60 m (Ref. 128797). 熱帶; 32°N - 32°S, 30°E - 132°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea south to Natal, South Africa (Ref. 4420) and east to the Line, Marquesan and Tuamoto islands, north to southern Japan, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia.
印度-太平洋: 紅海南至南非的納塔爾 (參考文獻 4420) 而且東至列島群島, 馬貴斯群島與 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至大堡礁與新加勒多尼亞的南方。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 15.7, range 8 - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2334); common length : 26.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450)
背棘 (總數): 3; 背的軟條 (總數): 24-27; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 20 - 24. This species is distinguished by the following characters: front of eye without the elongate groove; enlarged scales above the pectoral-fin base and just behind the gill opening to form a flexible tympanum; the scales of the caudal peduncle with 2 longitudinal rows of large anterior-projecting spines; the slightly rounded caudal fin with compressed peduncle; head and body colour green to brown with diagonally curved orange lines and a large round black blotch covering most of the caudal-fin base; rays of soft dorsal, anal and pectoral fins orange and also the caudal fin (Ref. 10920, 9770).
鱗片在上面胸鰭基底增大了而且在鰓裂正後方形成一個柔韌有彈性的鼓膜; 鱗片尾梗有 2根縱列的大向前突出的棘。 在眼睛前面中的沒有凹槽。 尾柄扁長形的。 顏色: 深綠色的到深褐色的有斜彎曲的橘色線在後部的頭部與身體; 一個狹窄藍色與橘色的斑紋斜紋從嘴巴的周圍到在胸鰭之下; 肉梗的棘周圍的一個大的圓黑色的斑塊; 軟背鰭、臀鰭與胸鰭的鰭條橘色的; 尾鰭橘色的.(參考文獻 9770)
Adults which are territorial in nature occur in coral-rich areas of deep lagoon and seaward reefs from the lower surge zone to at least 50 meters (Ref. 48637). They feed on a variety of benthic organisms such as algae, echinoderms, fishes, mollusks, tunicates, sponges, and hydrozoans. Eggs are laid as one cluster in a shallow excavation on sand or rubble along channels. (Ref. 1602). Marketed fresh and dried-salted (Ref. 9770).
出現於深潟湖與臨海礁石的珊瑚礁繁盛區域從低浪花區到至少 50 公尺。 吃多種底棲的生物例如藻類，棘皮動物，魚，軟體動物，被囊類，海綿與水螅蟲。 有一個領域性本能。 在沙子上的一個水淺的洞穴中卵產成一簇或者沿著峽道的碎石。 (參考文獻 1602). 在市場上銷售生鮮或乾漬了。 (參考文獻 9770)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawning behaviour may involve loose aggregations and nesting occurs in channels. The eggs are laid in a single spongy cluster in a shallow excavation in rubble or sand. Hatching occurs at night (Ref. 37816). Nests are guarded by one or at times two adults (Ref. 9778).印度-太平洋: 紅海南至南非的納塔爾 (參考文獻 4420) 而且東至列島群島, 馬貴斯群島與 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至大堡礁與新加勒多尼亞的南方。
Matsuura, K., 2001. Balistidae. Triggerfishes. p. 3911-3928. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9770)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.1 - 29.1, mean 28 °C (based on 1034 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03548 (0.02121 - 0.05935), b=3.00 (2.86 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.42 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.5 [19.1, 112.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.609 [0.316, 1.378] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.3, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.118 [0.060, 0.227] g/100g; Selenium = 34.2 [17.9, 70.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 56.4 [16.5, 196.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.07 [0.73, 1.59] mg/100g (wet weight);
