Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской ассоциированный с рифами; пределы глубины 0 - 30 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 12°N - 24°S, 55°E - 154°W (Ref. 5222)
Indo-West-Pacific: East coast of Africa to the Line Islands. Except for its occurrence along the African coast (Zanzibar, Tanzania to Ponta Zavora, Mozambique) it seems to be primarily an insular species, occurring at most (probably all) of the islands of tropical Indian and west-central Pacific. Not known from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Taiwan, Japan, or Australian waters (however, it is found at Rowley Shoals off Western Australia).
Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ?, range 19 - ? cm
Max length : 47.5 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 125599); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 1.5 kg (Ref. 125599)
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число): 11; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число): 14-16; колючие лучи анального плавника 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 8. Preopercle rounded, with a shallow notch; the serrae are enlarged but covered with skin; upper edge of the operculum almost straight. The head and body mostly covered with close-set dark brown, olive, or reddish brown spots. Those on the dorsolateral parts of the head, body, and on median fins polygonal and close-set, with the interspaces forming a white reticulum. Those on the ventral portions are more rounded, more separated and often more reddish. Three dark blotches are often visible at the base of the dorsal fin and one forming a saddle blotch on the caudal peduncle. These blotches differentiates it from E. merra and E. quoyanus (Ref. 5222). Small conspicuous dark spots on snout and sometimes between or below the eyes (Ref. 37816).
Occurs in lagoon patch reefs, the upper slopes of channels, and reef margins (Ref. 1602). Carnivorous (Ref. 81697). Nothing has been published on its biology. Solitary (Ref 90102).
Life cycle and mating behavior
половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | икра | Fecundity | личинки
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: коммерческий; объект спортивного рыболовства: да
дополнительная информация
ссылкиаквакультура (рыбоводство)особенности рыбоводствастепень растяжениягенетикаElectrophoresesнаследуемостьболезниобработкаNutrientsMass conversion
соавторыизображенияStamps, Coins Misc.звукиCiguateraскоростьтип плаванияжаберная областьOtolithsмозгзрение
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.1 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 1392 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00699 - 0.01802), b=3.06 (2.93 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37.5 [18.0, 76.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.528 [0.290, 1.094] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.123 [0.077, 0.196] g/100g; Selenium = 27.3 [16.0, 48.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 228 [63, 825] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.45 [0.99, 2.03] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
