分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings)
鯡目 (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies)
鯷科 (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Encrasicholina: Greek, egkrasicholos, -os, -on = mixed with spleen.
More on author: Whitley.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类. 熱帶; 32°N - 28°S, 43°E - 173°W (Ref. 189)
Indo-Pacific: widespread in the northern part of the Indian Ocean (Gulf of Aden, but apparently not the Red Sea nor Kenya, the Persian Gulf, India, Andaman Islands) and Western Central Pacific (Indonesia, Thailand, north to at least Taiwan Island, south to northern Australia; also eastward to Fiji and Tonga).
印度-太平洋: 在印度洋 (亞丁灣, 但是顯然地不紅海也不肯亞，波斯灣，印度, 安達曼群島) 的北部與中西太平洋廣泛分佈 (印尼 , 泰國,北至至少台灣島, 南至澳洲北部; 也向東至斐濟與東加).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 6.1, range 4 - ? cm
Max length : 9.7 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 55634); 10.0 cm TL (female); 最大体重: 8.00 g (Ref. 55634); 最大体重: 8.00 g
臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 18 - 20. Diagnosis: Body rather cylindrical, belly rounded, with 5-6, rarely 3 or 4, sharp needle-like pre-pelvic scutes; maxilla tip pointed, projecting beyond second supra-maxilla and reaching to sub-operculum; isthmus short, preceded by a small bony plate on urohyal between branchial membranes; lower gillrakers 20-27; unbranched dorsal and anal finrays 3, anal fin short, with usually 15-17 branched finrays; in life, a bright silver band on flank, with a thin blue line above, back blue/grey (Ref. 189). It closely resembles Encrasicholina heteroloba, which has only 2 unbranched dorsal and anal finrays, a dull silver/grey band on flank, and the back beige; Encrasicholina oligobranchus has only 17-18 gillrakers; other species of Encrasicholina have a fleshy urohyal plate and a maxilla tip blunt and not projecting beyond the second supra-maxilla; species of Stolephorus have a long isthmus reaching to the margin of the branchial membrane (Ref. 189).
腹面圆形的 5 或 6(很少地 3 或 4)个锐利的针状前腹鳍鳞甲。 颚骨顶端尖的, 突出的超过第二个上颚骨而且延伸到子鳃盖。 峡部短, 在鳃盖膜之间的尾舌骨上前面有一个小的多骨碟了。 不分枝的背鳍棘条与臀鳍棘条。 活着时，在侧面上的一条亮银色条纹,具有一个细的蓝色线在上面; 背面蓝色或灰色的。
群游种。 出现于河口的与近岸水域。 可能主要捕食浮游性甲壳动物。 全年繁殖, 颠峰期在新爱尔兰水域在五月到六月或七月期间与可能地也在十一月到十一月。 卵是椭圆形的, 在一端没有疖瘤。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
印度-太平洋: 在印度洋 (亞丁灣, 但是顯然地不紅海也不肯亞，波斯灣，印度, 安達曼群島) 的北部與中西太平洋廣泛分佈 (印尼 , 泰國,北至至少台灣島, 南至澳洲北部; 也向東至斐濟與東加).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 诱饵: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.1 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3195 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00464 - 0.00651), b=3.12 (3.08 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=2.00-5.04; tm=0.29; tmax=1.7).
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.79, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 239 [65, 779] mg/100g; Iron = 1.47 [0.53, 3.85] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [17.2, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.207 [0.089, 0.481] g/100g; Selenium = 39.9 [12.9, 127.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 37.5 [9.1, 191.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.21 [1.24, 5.33] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
![Image of Encrasicholina devisi (Devis\](/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Endev_u0.jpg "Image of Encrasicholina devisi (Devis\")
