Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789)

Honeycomb stingray

Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Classification	Elasmobranchii \| Rajiformes \| Dasyatidae
Synonyms	Raja uarnak, Dasyatis uarnak, Dasybatus uarnak, ... more
Common names	Reticulate whipray, Leopard ray, Leopard stingray, ... more

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Image of Himantura uarnak (Honeycomb stingray)

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This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.

AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS

Main reference

Fricke, R. 1999. (Ref. 33390)
Other references | Biblio | Coordinator : McEachran, John | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 200 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 3263); common length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5450); max. published weight: 120.0 kg (Ref. 3263)

Environment

Reef-associated; amphidromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range 20 - 50 m (Ref. 28016)

Climate / Range

Subtropical; 23°C - 26°C (Ref. 12468); 38°N - 32°S

Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea (and eastern Mediterranean via Suez Canal) to southern Africa and French Polynesia, north to Taiwan, south to Australia. Also in the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819). Collected from the estuary of the River Ganges (Ref. 33178). This name has been used for a number of similar spotted species (Ref. 6871). Probably a species complex (Ref. 35766). Its identity has been confused in many publications and Micronesian specimens should be re-examined (Ref. 37816).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Anal spines: 0. Huge stingray with conspicuous dark spots on a light brown disc; spots well-spaced in young but crowded to form reticulated pattern in adult; white ventrally; tail marked with bands of black and white; snout sharply pointed; disc with narrowly rounded outer corners, and tail long, slender and nearly three times body length when intact, with no caudal finfolds; disc without thorns but with band of flat denticles along midback (in adults); usually 1 medium-sized sting on tail (Ref. 5578).

Common off sandy beaches and in shallow estuaries and lagoons; also found in sandy areas of coral reefs (Ref. 9710). Also offshore down to 50 m depth (Ref. 5578). May enter fresh water (Ref. 5578). Feeds on small fishes, bivalves, crabs, shrimps, worms (Ref. 3263) and jellyfishes (Ref. 37816). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Common catch of the demersal tangle net, bottom trawl, longline and beach seine fisheries (Ref.58048). Popular angling fish (Ref. 3263). Not esteemed as a food fish (Ref. 3263). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Tail is used as a decorative item (Ref. 27550). Utilized for its meat, skin (high value) and cartilage (Ref.58048).


IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 57073)	Threat to humans
Not Evaluated	Venomous (Ref. 27550)

Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes


More information
Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration	Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg development	Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment	Other references Biblio Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Diseases Processing	Collaborators Pictures Stamps Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision

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Internet sources

Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models

Resilience (Ref. 69278)

Very Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (Fec=3-5)


Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)	Price category (Ref. 80766)
Very high vulnerability (90 of 100)	Low

Entered by Binohlan, Crispina B.

Modified by Bailly, Nicolas

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Page last modified by : elaxamana, 15 July 2009

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