Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas demersal; oceanódromo (Ref. 41500), usually 5 - 150 m (Ref. 36453). Subtropical; - 53°S
Southwest Atlantic: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to Patagonia, Argentina.
Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm 21.2  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm NG macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 36453)
Espinhos dorsais (total): 0; Raios dorsais moles (total): 75-89; Espinhos anais 0; Raios anais moles: 60 - 71. Dark spots on ocular side irregularly and two dark small spots at end of both dorsal and anal fin bases on blind side symmetrically (Ref. 27363).
Feeds on amphipods, small crabs and polychaetes (Ref. 36453). In spring mature individuals migrate to 37°S and southwards to spawn and in autumn migrate offshore for feeding and growing (Ref. 41500).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Nakamura, I., T. Inada, M. Takeda and H. Hatanaka, 1986. Important fishes trawled off Patagonia. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo. 369 p. (Ref. 27363)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Mais informação
ReferênciasAquaculturaPerfil para aquaculturaEstirpesGenéticaElectrophoresesHereditariedadeDoençasProcessamentoNutrientsMass conversion
ColaboradoresFotografiasStamps, Coins Misc.SonsCiguateraVelocidadeTipo de nataçãoÁrea branquialOutras referênciasCérebrosVisão
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.3 - 22.9, mean 12.1 °C (based on 642 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00427 (0.00264 - 0.00688), b=3.22 (3.08 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Elevada, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população menor que 15 meses (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).