Pollimyrus isidori isidori (Valenciennes, 1847)

Elephant Fish

Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Classification	Actinopterygii \| Osteoglossiformes \| Mormyridae
Synonyms	Mormyrus isidori, Marcusenius isidori isidori, Pollimyrus isidori, ... more
Common names	Pippurinuijakala, 伊氏矮长颌鱼, Yalgenfo, ... more

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Main reference

Bigorne, R. 1990. (Ref. 2915)
Other references | Biblio | Coordinator | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 9.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3203); max. published weight: 7.0 g (Ref. 3799)

Environment

Demersal; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); freshwater; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19

Climate / Range

Tropical; 22°C - 24°C (Ref. 12468)

Africa: Gambia, middle Niger, Volta and Chad basins, coastal rivers of Côte d'Ivoire (Sassandra, Bandama, Mé); also including the Nile. Also known from the Bénoué and Senegal Rivers (Ref. 2915).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 17 - 22; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 21 - 27. Body depth 2.8-4.2 x SL. Sokomo and Comoe forms longer with SL/Depth ratio 3-4. Head 3.8-5.0 x SL. Eye diameter 3.3-6.4 x head length. Dorsal origin slightly behind anal fin origin. Pectorals slightly shorter or equal to head length, 2-3 x longer than pelvic fins, its posterior end reaching past origin of pelvic fins. Caudal peduncle height 2.3-3.9 x of its length, 12.3-20.6 x SL. Middle reaches fish silvery in color with lots of small spots on sides and head, higher reaches fish darker with darker and fewer spots.

Occupies floodplain pools in Sudd. Feeds on mud, vegetable debris and small invertebrates (Ref. 28714). Affinities: only to P. adspersus, morphologically similar; distinguished through scales on caudal peduncle, dorsal and anal fin rays and body coloration. Generates electric organ discharge (EOD) of short duration (0.08 ms) that seems to correlate with aggregative behavior of the species (Ref. 10460; 10601). During the breeding season, males build nests and while patrolling their territory sporadically emit EODs at a mean rate of 18 Hz. Participating females, on the other hand, discharge at a fairly regular rate (8-11 Hz) and this has been shown to play a role in sex recognition during courtship and spawning. Male and female EOD waveforms also differ in the amplitude ratio of the first and third phase (Ref. 10764). Also produce natural sounds ('grunts', 'moans', 'growl', etc.) at different phases of courtship, nesting and territorial defense (Ref. 10832). A fractional spawner; females able to spawn up to 26 times in the course of one reproductive cycle, laying about 125 eggs per spawning episode. Larval electric organ situated in the deep lateral musculature; that of adults in the caudal peduncle (Ref. 10605).


IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 57073)	Threat to humans
Not Evaluated	Harmless

Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial


More information
Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration	Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg development	Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment	Other references Biblio Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Diseases Processing	Collaborators Pictures Stamps Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision

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Internet sources

Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models

Resilience (Ref. 69278)

High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (tm=0.5)


Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)	Price category (Ref. 80766)
Low vulnerability (12 of 100)	Not marketed/unknown

Entered by Cruz, Tess

Modified by Bailly, Nicolas

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Page last modified by : elaxamana, 15 July 2009

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