分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 80 - 800 m (Ref. 2683), usually 300 - 400 m (Ref. 5217). 亞熱帶的; 50°N - 36°S, 180°W - 180°E
Tropical and warm temperate waters of all oceans, but absent from eastern Pacific except at Sala y Gomez Ridge.
所有海洋的熱帶與溫帶水域, 但是東太平洋沒有出現除了在 Sala y Gomez 脊之外。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 47.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6181); common length : 40.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3403)
背棘 (总数): 18 - 20; 背的软条 (总数): 17-20; 臀棘 2-3; 臀鳍软条: 15 - 17. Body moderately elongate. Mouth with fang-like teeth. Spinescent gill rakers on the first arch with 1 - 3 cusps and many small spines; the angular raker long and triple-rooted. Body entirely scaled at over 20 - 25 cm SL. Pyloric caeca 7 or 8. Color is grayish to copper brown; fins blackish at over 40 cm SL, yellowish with black tips in smaller specimens (the first dorsal fin with a black blotch on two anteriormost membranes); the buccal and branchial cavities are black. Pelvic fin reduced to one spine that becomes entirely absent in specimens more than 40 cm SL.
身体中等细长的。 嘴部具有尖牙状的齿。 在第一个弓上的 Spinescent 鳃耙 1- 3个尖头与许多小的棘; 隅骨耙长的而且有三个根部。 身体完全地覆有鳞片的在超过 20- 25 公分 SL。 幽门盲囊 7 或 8. 色彩是浅灰色的对铜褐色; 鳍黑色的在超过 40 公分 SL, 淡黄色的在较小的标本中有黑色的顶端;(第一背鳍在二个最前面的薄膜上具有一个黑色的斑块) 那口的与鳃室是黑色的。 腹鳍缩小成一根完全地变成的棘不存在于标本超过 40 公分 SL。
Found at continental slopes, around oceanic islands and submarine rises (Ref. 6181). Meso-benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Migrate to midwater at night (Ref. 6181). Feed on fish, cephalopods and crustaceans (Ref. 6181). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6766).
在大洋性岛屿与海底隆起的周围发现在大陆斜坡了。 (参考文献 6181) 回游到中层水域在晚上。 (参考文献 6181) 吃鱼，头足类动物与甲壳动物。 (参考文献 6181)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Probably spawns throughout the year in warmer seas. 所有海洋的熱帶與溫帶水域, 但是東太平洋沒有出現除了在 Sala y Gomez 脊之外。
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 诱饵: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.6 - 16.5, mean 11.1 °C (based on 329 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00363 (0.00224 - 0.00588), b=3.06 (2.92 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.17-0.18; tm=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 32.6 [15.0, 65.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.62 [0.29, 1.21] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.6, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.255 [0.146, 0.444] g/100g; Selenium = 60.5 [27.5, 122.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.2 [3.6, 42.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.55 [0.38, 0.82] mg/100g (wet weight);
