Macropodus opercularis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Paradise fish

Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Classification	Actinopterygii \| Perciformes \| Osphronemidae \| Macropodusinae
Synonyms	Labrus opercularis, Chaetodon chinensis, Macropodus ctenopsoides, ... more
Common names	Paradisefish, Kiinanparatiisikala, Wielkopletw wspanialy, ... more

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Image of Macropodus opercularis (Paradise fish)

Picture by Liao, T.-Y.

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Main reference

Freyhof, J. and F. Herder. 2002. (Ref. 42924)
Other references | Biblio | Coordinator | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 6.7 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 43281); common length : 5.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 12193)

Environment

Pelagic; freshwater; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19

Climate / Range

Tropical; 16°C - 26°C (Ref. 1672); 30°N - 20°N, 102°E - 122°E

Asia: China, from Yangtze basin to the south, on Hainan Island, in Taiwan, north Viet Nam; introduced to the tropical and subtropical world (Ref. 42924). Very popular with aquarists and has been widely transported around the world.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 11 - 17; Dorsal soft rays (total): 5 - 10; Anal spines: 7 - 22; Anal soft rays: 9 - 15; Vertebrae: 27 - 29. Caudal fin forked, both lobes elongate in males (Ref. 559), with filamentous extension in each lobe (Ref. 43281); lower margin of preorbital sharply serrated (Ref. 559); conspicuous dark brown opercular spot with whitish posterior margin (margin red in life); body with 7-11 bold, dark bars on pale yellowish background in preserved specimens (blue bars on reddish background in life); dark stripe crossing eye connecting opercular spot with eye; top of head and predorsal body with dark spots; posterior tip or margin of scales on body not darker than scales (Ref. 42924).

Inhabits any kind of lowland habitats from heterogeneous structured margins or backwaters of large rivers to small streams and irrigation channels on farmland (Ref. 42924). Can colonize stagnant water bodies with very low oxygen content (air breather). Found in streams, paddy fields and ditches (Ref. 5258). Feeds on small aquatic animals including small fish. First ornamental fish to be brought to Europe (France 1869, Germany 1876) after the goldfish (Ref. 13371). Males will fight each other (Ref. 1672). Aquarium keeping: minimum aquarium size 80 cm (Ref. 51539).


IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 57073)	Threat to humans
Not Evaluated	Harmless

Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial


More information
Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration	Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg development	Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment	Other references Biblio Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Diseases Processing	Collaborators Pictures Stamps Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision

Tools
Biogeographic modelling \| Bio-Quiz \| E-book \| Field guide \| Identification keys \| Length-frequency wizard \| Life-history tool \| Point map

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Summary page \| Point data \| Common names \| Photos

Internet sources

Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models

Resilience (Ref. 69278)

High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (tm<1; Fec=100-500 times 6-12 spawning events)


Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)	Price category (Ref. 80766)
Low vulnerability (10 of 100)	Not marketed/unknown

Entered by Luna, Susan M.

Modified by Ortañez, Auda Kareen

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Page last modified by : elaxamana, 15 July 2009

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