分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses)
海龍目 (Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses)
海龍科 (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology: Hippocampus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 0 - 104 m (Ref. 52034). 溫帶; 24°S - 50°S, 80°E - 120°W (Ref. 52034)
Southwest Pacific: Australia and New Zealand (Ref. 115213). Occurrence in Thailand and the Philippines (Ref. 43081) needs verification.
西南太平洋: 澳洲與紐西蘭。 次級保育類動物.(參考文獻 30915) 在泰國與菲律賓 (參考文獻 43081) 的發生需要確認。 國際間的買賣被監視過一個授權系統 ( 引用2, 自從 5.15.04 以後) ，而且一個 10 公分的最小大小應用。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 8.7 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm OT 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6787); common length : 18.0 cm OT 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9003)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 25-31; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 4.
描述: (以 17件標本為依據): 成魚的高度: 8.0-32.0 公分; 環: 12-13+47(45-48)
吻的長度: 2.6(2.2-3.2) 分之一頭長; 背鰭鰭條: 27-28(25-29)個覆蓋 4+1個環; 胸鰭鰭條: 15-17; 尾鰭不存在; 冠: 低又三角形的楔子; 棘: 只有的低又圓形的腫塊。
其他的顯著特性: (非常) 突出的圓形眼棘; 時常有厚的依附於頭部區域的葉; 非常深的身體有龍骨脊;(尤其雌性) 成熟的雄魚有非常突出的 (通常白色的) 孵卵袋。
彩色斑紋: 灰白的, 在白色到有斑點的黃色到可變的褐色附近; 在頭部與軀幹上的深色的斑點與污點; 尾部有交互的深色與淡色的條紋; 背鰭有斑點的; 雄魚有的黑色斑塊比雌性多而且通常有一個在小袋 34 的頂端附近的黃色的斜線.
Found in large rock pools at low tide. They remain motionless amidst seaweed. Juveniles are pelagic (Ref. 30915) or attached to drifting seaweeds (Ref. 31838). Feed on minute crustaceans (e.g. copepods and amphipods). Nocturnal (Ref. 9003). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Seen in groups at night. Also around jetties and other man-made objects; attached to sponges and colonial hydroids in deeper water (Ref. 30915). Length measurements refer to height (= TL - head length).
This is the largest seahorse species in southeastern Australia, and has more dorsal fin rays and tail rings than any other seahorse (Ref. 31838). Sold locally and internationally for the aquarium trade (Ref. 31838). Dried and sold to the Oriental medicine trade as a tonic and aphrodisiac (Ref. 5316, 34026).
在低潮發現於大的岩石區潮池了。 他們在海草當中保持不動。 稚魚是大洋性的 (參考文獻 30915) 或依附於漂流的海草。 (參考文獻 31838) 捕食細小的甲殼動物 (例如橈腳類的動物與片腳類動物) 。 夜行的.(參考文獻 9003) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 205) 雄魚帶卵在一個孵卵袋是在尾部下面發現.(參考文獻 205) 聚集成群在晚上了。 也突堤與其他的人造目標的周圍; 依附於海綿與群體的水息蟲在深水中了。 (參考文獻 30915) 長度測量指的是高度 (= TL- 頭長).
這是在澳洲東南部最大的海馬種, 而且超過任何其他的海馬有更多的背鰭鰭條與尾環。 (參考文獻 31838) 地方性地而且國際性地為水族貿易販賣。 (參考文獻 31838) 乾製而且賣到東方的藥貿易作為一個補品與春藥.(參考文獻 5316,34026)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Several subsequent broods are carried by the male in a brood pouch during the spawning season. Do not obviously pair, as other seahorses do (Ref. 30915). Fertilised eggs deposited by females in the pouch of males are incubated for about four weeks before hatching (Ref. 31838). Hatching occurs at night, coinciding with full moon periods during summer months (Ref. 31838). Young emerge from the pouch and immediately rise to the surface where they grasp floating debris with their tail (Ref. 31838).西南太平洋: 澳洲與紐西蘭。 次級保育類動物.(參考文獻 30915) 在泰國與菲律賓 (參考文獻 43081) 的發生需要確認。 國際間的買賣被監視過一個授權系統 ( 引用2, 自從 5.15.04 以後) ，而且一個 10 公分的最小大小應用。
Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster, 2016. A global revision of the seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213)
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.1 - 19.8, mean 17 °C (based on 322 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00177 - 0.01127), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (tm=1; Assuming annual Fec<1000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 61.4 [38.8, 114.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.447 [0.279, 0.744] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [16.8, 18.9] %; Omega3 = 0.543 [0.315, 0.933] g/100g; Selenium = 15.8 [7.9, 37.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.31 [3.19, 26.90] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.702 [0.518, 0.958] mg/100g (wet weight);
