分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Cottoidei (Sculpins) >
Cottidae (Sculpins)
Etymology: Leptocottus: Greek, leptos = thin + Greek, kottos = a fish (Ref. 45335); armatus: Leptocottus meaning slender Cottus; armatus armed, referrign to the sharp preopercular spines (Ref. 4930).
More on author: Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 非产卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 156 m. 溫帶; 60°N - 33°N
Eastern Pacific: Izembek Lagoon, on the southeastern Bering Sea coast of Alaska to Bahia San Quintin, northern Baja California, Mexico.
東太平洋: Izembek 潟湖, 在阿拉斯加到 Bahia 桑河 Quintin ，墨西哥的下加利福尼亞北部的東南方白令海海岸上。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850); common length : 35.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年龄: 10 年 (Ref. 28936)
背棘 (总数): 6 - 8; 背的软条 (总数): 15-20; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 15 - 20; 脊椎骨: 37 - 39. Distinguished by the large upper preopercular spine ending in 3 or 4 sharp, upturned, curved spinules and by the large, dark spot on the posterior part of the spiny dorsal fin (Ref. 27547). Gill rakers reduced to flat, bony plates, each bearing a cluster of small teeth; lateral line nearly straight; each pore associated with a small subdermal cartilaginous plate (Ref. 27547). Caudal rounded (Ref. 6885). Grayish olive to rather green, occasionally with some yellow, dorsally; orange-yellow to white or silvery below lateral line; spiny dorsal dusky, with a black spot near tips of last 3 spines, a white band below it; soft dorsal fin dusky, with several oblique white to yellowish bands; pectorals yellow with 5 or 6 dark greenish bars; caudal dusky with one or two pale bands; anal and pelvic fins pale (Ref. 27547).
区别的特徵为在刺状背鳍的后面部份上末端形成 3 或 4 锐利的，朝上的，和弯曲的小刺与藉由大又深色的斑点的大的上面前鳃盖骨棘了。 (参考文献 27547) 鳃耙缩小成平坦的, 骨质板,每个生长着一簇小的齿; 侧线几乎是直的; 每个孔伴随着一个小的皮下软骨的碟了。 (参考文献 27547) 尾鳍圆的.(参考文献 6885) 浅灰色的橄榄色到相当绿色, 偶然地有一些黄色, 背面; 橘黄色的到白色或下面银色的侧线; 刺状的背部暗色的, 具有一个在最后 3根棘的顶端附近的黑色的斑点, 在它之下的一条白色的条纹; 软的背鳍暗色的, 有一些斜的白色到淡黄色的条纹; 胸鳍黄色的有 5 或 6条深色的呈绿色的横带; 尾部的暗色有一或二条灰白的条纹; 臀鳍与腹鳍鳍灰白的.(参考文献 27547)
Commonly found near shore, especially in bays and estuaries; most frequently on sandy bottom (Ref. 2850). Intertidal individuals breath air when out of water (Ref. 31184). Can leave tide pools if aquatic conditions become inhospitable (Ref. 31184). Although some individuals may spend their entire life in highly saline waters (Ref. 28693), some newly metamorphosed young move from the estuarine spawning sites to completely fresh water and may remain there for up to 6 weeks (Ref. 27547). Adults apparently tend to remain in the shallow lower estuary, or farther offshore (Ref. 27547). Feeds mostly on crabs, shrimps and amphipods, but also takes larval, juvenile and adult fishes, as well as polychaete worms, mollusks and other invertebrates (Ref. 4930). Expands its gill covers and produces a low-pitched humming sound when stressed (Ref. 6885). Considered a nuisance by anglers (Ref. 27547).
普遍地在海岸附近发现, 尤其在海湾与河口中; 最时常在沙质底部上.(参考文献 2850) 潮间带的个体呼吸空气当离开水面.(参考文献 31184) 如果水生的环境变成不适居留，能离开潮池。 (参考文献 31184) 虽然一些个体可能渡过在高盐度的水域 (参考文献 28693) 中的他们的整个生活, 但是，一些最近变态的对完全地淡水的幼鱼移动从河口的产卵区而且可能逗留在哪里超过 6个星期。 (参考文献 27547) 成鱼显然地倾向逗留在水浅的低河口, 或更远的外海.(参考文献 27547) 大部份捕食螃蟹，虾与片脚类动物, 也捕食幼虫的, 稚鱼与成鱼, 以及多毛类的蠕虫, 软件动物与其他的无脊椎动物.(参考文献 4930) 伸展它的鳃盖与生产一个低调的嗡嗡叫的健全当受惊时.(参考文献 6885) 被认为是一个垂钓者的讨厌东西了。 (参考文献 27547)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 101741).東太平洋: Izembek 潟湖, 在阿拉斯加到 Bahia 桑河 Quintin ，墨西哥的下加利福尼亞北部的東南方白令海海岸上。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.5 - 14.1, mean 8.7 °C (based on 352 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00518 - 0.02023), b=3.19 (3.01 - 3.37), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.64 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1; tmax=10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 66.7 [29.5, 146.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.418 [0.197, 0.881] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.0, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.668 [0.293, 1.935] g/100g; Selenium = 18.9 [8.9, 45.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.11 [2.78, 24.42] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.618 [0.413, 1.057] mg/100g (wet weight);
