分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Equetus: Latin, eques, -itis = horse, man in a horse, chevalier .
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 3 - 30 m (Ref. 9710). 熱帶; 36°N - 24°S, 98°W - 28°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Florida (USA), and Bahamas to the Antilles (Ref. 26340) and Yucatan (Mexico) (Ref. 26938) to Brazil.
西大西洋: 百慕達群島，佛羅里達 (美國) 與巴哈馬到安地列斯群島 (參考文獻 26340) 與尤卡坦半島 (墨西哥)(參考文獻 26938) 到巴西。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 18.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (总数): 11 - 13; 背的软条 (总数): 45-47; 臀棘 2; 臀鳍软条: 6 - 8. First dorsal fin very high with short base. Second dorsal and caudal fins dark with white spots and dashes (Ref. 26938). Head white with two dark brown bars, one through eye, the other more posterior and more diagonal, extending across chest to pelvic fins; body white with a broad dark brown band beginning on front of first dorsal fin, curving across nape, above pectoral fin, and running to mid-base of caudal fin; two narrower dark stripes above and below this band (Ref. 13442). Mouth small, inferior, nearly horizontal. Spinous dorsal fin very elevated, higher than head length. Gas bladder simple, carrot-shaped without appendages. Sagitta (large earstone) near rounded and thick (Ref 51721).
第一背鳍很高的具有短的基底。 第二背鳍与尾鳍深色且有白色的斑点与间断的线。 (参考文献 26938) 头部白色的有二条深褐色的横带, 一经过眼，另一个较向后与更多的斜线, 越过对腹鳍的胸延伸; 身体白色的有起点在第一背鳍的前面，越过后颈，胸鳍上方弯曲的一条宽的深褐色的条纹, 而且跑向尾鳍的基底中点; 二条比较狭窄的深色斑纹上面与下面这一条条纹.(参考文献 13442) 嘴小的﹐下方的﹐和几乎水平。 刺状的背鳍非常升高的, 比头长更高。 气鳔单一的, 胡萝卜-形状的没有附肢。 矢耳石 (大的 earstone) 靠近圓的與厚的 (參考文獻 51721).
Occurs primarily on coral reefs. Secretive and usually solitary, under ledges or near small caves (Ref. 7251). Often seen during the day around the bases of corals (Ref. 26938). Feeds at night on crabs, shrimps, and polychaetes. Easily approached (Ref. 9710). Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35420).
主要地在珊瑚礁上生存。 躲躲藏藏而通常独居性的, 岩架下或在小的洞穴附近.(参考文献 7251) 时常出现在白天期间珊瑚的基底的周围.(参考文献 26938) 晚上捕食螃蟹，虾与多毛类动物。 容易接近。 (参考文献 9710) 曾经后面在繁殖场.(参考文献 35420)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 240).西大西洋: 百慕達群島，佛羅里達 (美國) 與巴哈馬到安地列斯群島 (參考文獻 26340) 與尤卡坦半島 (墨西哥)(參考文獻 26938) 到巴西。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.3 - 28.2, mean 27.4 °C (based on 675 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00413 - 0.01752), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 71.3 [36.3, 115.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.657 [0.330, 1.112] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.3, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.136 [0.076, 0.205] g/100g; Selenium = 28.9 [17.2, 52.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 82.4 [27.2, 270.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.32 [0.92, 1.87] mg/100g (wet weight);
