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Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Malacanthidae (Tilefishes)
Etymology: Malacanthus: Greek, mala = a lot + Greek, akantha = thorn (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 10 - 153 m (Ref. 9626), usually 10 - 50 m (Ref. 9626). 亞熱帶的; 34°N - 8°S
Western Atlantic: North Carolina (USA), Gulf of Mexico, and throughout the Caribbean to Rio de la Plata, Uruguay. Southeast Atlantic: Ascension Island.
西大西洋: 北卡羅萊那州到佛羅里達 (美國) ，墨西哥灣，百慕達群島, 在加勒比海各處。 到在烏拉圭中的拉布拉塔河的亞馬遜河到巴西的桑托斯 (參考文獻 26938) 尤卡坦半島，宏都拉斯，哥倫比亞，委內瑞拉與南方。 東南大西洋: 阿森松島。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 8991); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3644); 最大体重: 1.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数): 4 - 5; 背的软条 (总数): 53-57; 臀棘 1; 臀鳍软条: 50 - 52. Caudal fin lunate.
Primarily a shallow-water benthic species found on sand and rubble bottoms (Ref. 5246). Builds mounds of rubble and shell fragments near reefs and grass beds; enters its mound head first when frightened (Ref. 5246). Feeds mainly on stomatopods, fishes, polychaete worms, chitons, sea urchins, sea stars, amphipods and shrimps (Ref. 3644). Tends to bite when handled (Ref. 5246). Marketed fresh (Ref. 5246). Between 1995 and 2000, at least 7 specimens have been traded as aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
主要地一个浅水的底栖种发现于砂与碎石底部了。 (参考文献 5246) 建立在礁与草床附近的碎石的堆与贝壳碎片; 以头部先行的方式当被惊吓时进入它的堆。 (参考文献 5246) 主要吃口足目甲壳类，鱼，多毛类的蠕虫，石鳖，海胆，海星，片脚类动物与虾。 (参考文献 3644) 倾向咬被触摸时.(参考文献 5246) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 (参考文献 5246) 在 1995 与 2000之间, 至少 7件标本曾经在巴西的塞阿腊交易当作水族馆鱼.(参考文献 49392)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 北卡羅萊那州到佛羅里達 (美國) ，墨西哥灣，百慕達群島, 在加勒比海各處。 到在烏拉圭中的拉布拉塔河的亞馬遜河到巴西的桑托斯 (參考文獻 26938) 尤卡坦半島，宏都拉斯，哥倫比亞，委內瑞拉與南方。 東南大西洋: 阿森松島。
Dooley, J.K., 1978. Systematics and biology of the tilefishes (Perciformes: Branchiostegidae and Malacanthidae) with descriptions of two new species. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. No. 411:1-78. (Ref. 8991)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.6 - 28, mean 26.7 °C (based on 308 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00236 - 0.01221), b=3.03 (2.82 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 20.7 [9.7, 39.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.43 [0.24, 0.74] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [16.6, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.134 [0.076, 0.234] g/100g; Selenium = 23.3 [11.2, 46.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 41.7 [13.2, 131.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.7 [0.5, 1.0] mg/100g (wet weight);
