Eleutheronema tetradactylum (Shaw, 1804)

Fourfinger threadfin

Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Classification	Actinopterygii \| Perciformes \| Polynemidae
Synonyms	Polynemus tetradactylus, Polynemus coecus, Polynemus teria, ... more
Common names	Barbure à quatre doigts, Barbudo de cuatro dedos, White salmon, ... more

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Image of Eleutheronema tetradactylum (Fourfinger threadfin)

Picture by Jean-Francois Helias / Fishing Adventures Thailand

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This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.

AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS

Main reference

Motomura, H., Y. Iwatsuki, S. Kimura and T. Yoshino. 2002. (Ref. 41639)
Other references | Biblio | Coordinator | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 200 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3479); common length : 50.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3479); max. published weight: 145.0 kg (Ref. 4965)

Environment

Pelagic-neritic; amphidromous (Ref. 51243); freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 23 m (Ref. 6390)

Climate / Range

Tropical; 32°N - 26°S, 47°E - 154°E (Ref. 57343)

Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf to Papua New Guinea and northern Australia. Replaced by Eleutheronema tetradactylum in East Asia (Japan, China, Viet Nam).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 15; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 14 - 16. Pectoral filaments 4; fin membranes vivid yellow in life, except in large specimens, > ca 35 cm SL. Vomer with deciduous tooth plates on both sides, except in juveniles. Posterior part of maxilla deep, 3-4% of SL. Short tooth plate extension onto lateral surface of lower jaw. 7-9% SL (Ref. 41639).

Occur mainly over shallow muddy bottoms in coastal waters. Also enter rivers (Ref. 3479, 11230). Juveniles found in estuaries. During winter, adults ascend the rivers. They usually form loose schools, although larger fish are more often observed in pairs or singly (Ref. 6390). Feed on prawns and fish (largely members of Mugilidae, Engraulidae, and Sciaenidae) with occasional polychaetes. Frequency of crustaceans to fish in the diet varies seasonally. Larvae (7-30 mm TL) feed mainly on copepods and mysids but also take shrimps and prawn larvae (Ref. 57343). Juveniles (31-60 TL) feed on prawns shrimps and mysids (Ref. 57343). Protandrous hermaphrodites. Marketed fresh, frozen, and dried or salted.


IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 57073)	Threat to humans
Not Evaluated	Harmless

Human uses
Fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial


More information
Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration	Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg development	Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment	Other references Biblio Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Diseases Processing	Collaborators Pictures Stamps Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision

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Internet sources

Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models

Resilience (Ref. 69278)

Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Fec=680,000; assuming tm>=2)


Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)	Price category (Ref. 80766)
High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100)	High

Entered by Luna, Susan M.

Modified by Kesner-Reyes, Kathleen

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Page last modified by : elaxamana, 15 July 2009

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