分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods)
鱈形目 (Cods) >
Macrouridae (Grenadiers or rattails)
鼠尾鱈科 (Grenadiers or rattails)
Etymology: Macrourus: Greek, makroura = great tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 100 - 1000 m (Ref. 1371), usually 300 - 500 m (Ref. 54573). 溫帶; 0°C - 4°C (Ref. 1371); 82°N - 37°N, 95°W - 61°E (Ref. 54573)
North Atlantic: Norfolk Canyon and George Bank north to Labrador, Davis Strait, eastern and western Greenland, Iceland, and from the Irish Atlantic slope north to Faeroe Islands, Norwegian coast, to Spitzbergen, and to the Barents Sea.
北大西洋: 諾福克峽谷與喬治湖淺堆北至拉布拉多，戴維斯海峽, 東、西格陵蘭，冰島與從愛爾蘭的大西洋斜坡北至法羅群島，挪威的海岸, 對 Spitzbergen, 與到巴倫支海。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 54.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 35388); 最大年齡: 25 年 (Ref. 1371)
背棘 (總數): 0; 臀棘 0. Snout short, rather strongly pointed; mouth small, inferior. Underside of head almost entirely naked. Pyloric caeca about 19 or 20. Overall color is gray, darker ventrally on trunk; anal fin dark-edged, first dorsal and pectoral fins dusky (Ref. 1371). Front end of dorsal fin spine is serrated (Ref. 35388).
吻短, 相當強烈尖; 嘴小的, 下方的。 頭部的下面幾乎完全裸露。 幽門盲囊大約 19 或 20. 整體的色彩是灰色, 比較黑的腹地在軀幹上; 臀鰭黑色邊的, 第一背鰭與胸鰭暗色的.(參考文獻 1371) 背鰭棘的前端被鋸齒狀的。 (參考文獻 35388)
Epibenthic, in deep waters down to 2740 (Ref. 58426). Adults are commonly found in about 300-500 m depth. Temperature preferences appear to range from about 1-4°C, although bottom temperatures below 0°C have been recorded at capture depths. Amphipods predominate in the diet, although polychaetes and various natant crustaceans are also important. Also feed on bivalves, isopods, echinoderms (notably ophiuroids), and ctenophores (Ref. 1371). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846).
淺海底棲.(參考文獻 58426) 成魚是普遍發現於大約 300-500 公尺深。 溫度偏愛似乎範圍從到處 1 - 4 °C,雖然底部溫度低於 0 °C 曾經在抓取深度記錄。 片腳類動物在食性中成為主流,雖然多毛類而各種不同的漂浮甲殼動物也是重要的。 也吃二枚貝，等足目動物，棘皮動物 (特別地陽燧足) 與櫛水母。 (參考文獻 1371) 分批產卵者.(參考文獻 51846)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
北大西洋: 諾福克峽谷與喬治湖淺堆北至拉布拉多，戴維斯海峽, 東、西格陵蘭，冰島與從愛爾蘭的大西洋斜坡北至法羅群島，挪威的海岸, 對 Spitzbergen, 與到巴倫支海。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.8 - 7, mean 3.2 °C (based on 434 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00398 (0.00248 - 0.00639), b=3.19 (3.05 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 28.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tm=15; tmax=25; Fec=25,000).
Prior r = 0.32, 95% CL = 0.20 - 0.50, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 12.2 [5.7, 24.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.198 [0.103, 0.362] mg/100g; Protein = 16.6 [14.5, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.328 [0.147, 0.688] g/100g; Selenium = 32.3 [13.1, 73.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.5 [3.6, 76.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.546 [0.348, 0.859] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
