Myxine glutinosa, Atlantic hagfish

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Myxine glutinosa Linnaeus, 1758

Atlantic hagfish
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Myxine glutinosa   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Myxine glutinosa (Atlantic hagfish)
Myxine glutinosa
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分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Myxini 盲鰻綱 (醜魚) (hagfishes) > Myxiniformes (Hagfishes) 盲鰻目 (Hagfishes) > Myxinidae (Hagfishes) 盲鰻科 (Hagfishes) > Myxininae
Etymology: Myxine: Ancient Greek word for a slimy fish: myxa, slime; -inus, one who, referring to copious amounts of slime produced by M. glutinosa. (See ETYFish);  glutinosa: Latin for viscous or sticky, referring to its seeming ability to turn water into slime. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 深海底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 20 - 1200 m (Ref. 117245), usually 27 - 460 m (Ref. 119696). 溫帶; 2°C - 13°C (Ref. 119696); 72°N - 24°N, 89°W - 41°E

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

North Atlantic: Murmansk to the Mediterranean Sea; Greenland to USA. Absent in eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea. Only hagfish in the Northeast Atlantic.
北大西洋: 莫曼斯克到地中海; 格陵蘭到美國。 不存在於地中海東部與黑海。 在東北大西洋的唯一盲鰻。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?, range 25 - ? cm
Max length : 95.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 119696); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 35388); common length :40 cm TL (female)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

Jawless mouth, single nasal aperture, only a single pair of external gill openings, no operculum or covering fold of skin. Grayish or reddish brown above, either plain. Variations in color correspond to the color of the sea bottom.
無頜的嘴 , 單一鼻的孔, 只有一個成對的鰓孔, 沒有鰓蓋或皮膚的覆蓋摺層。 淺灰色或紅褐色的上方, 單色的。 變化顏色與海底的顏色一致。

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Benthic with reported depths to 782 off Greenland; 960 m in Northwestern Atlantic; and 1,100 m off Norway (Ref. 119696). Found on muddy bottoms where they hide in the mud. Slime is used for defense. Feeds chiefly on dead and dying fish of varying species by boring into the body and consuming viscera and musculature. Chiefly nocturnal. Its eggs are few in number about 19-30 and large (20-25 mm), the horny shell has a cluster of anchor-tipped filaments at each end.

棲息於泥底部了在那裡它們藏在泥中。 黏液被用來防衛。 主要捕食不特定魚種的死而垂死魚利用穿孔進入身體與啃食內臟與肌肉組織。 主要夜行。 它的卵是數目很少大約 19-30 與大的 (20-25 mm), 角狀的外型突起在每個末端有一個錨頂端絲狀突起的群。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

Copulatory organ absent. The gonads of hagfishes are situated in the peritoneal cavity. The ovary is found in the anterior portion of the gonad, and the testis is found in the posterior part. The animal becomes female if the cranial part of the gonad develops or male if the caudal part undergoes differentiation. If none develops, then the animal becomes sterile. If both anterior and posterior parts develop, then the animal becomes a functional hermaphrodite. However, hermaphroditism being characterised as functional needs to be validated by more reproduction studies (Ref. 51361 ). Probably breed throughout the year in deep water (Ref. 35388).北大西洋: 莫曼斯克到地中海; 格陵蘭到美國。 不存在於地中海東部與黑海。 在東北大西洋的唯一盲鰻。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Fernholm, B., 1998. Hagfish systematics. p. 33-44. In J.M. Jørgensen, J.P. Lomholt, R.E. Weber and H. Malte (eds.) The biology of hagfishes. Chapman & Hall, London. 578 p. (Ref. 31276)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 November 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





人類使用

漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 1 - 10.2, mean 5.3 °C (based on 550 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00115 (0.00045 - 0.00296), b=3.03 (2.80 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec= 20-30).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 7.79 [2.08, 25.45] mg/100g; Iron = 0.278 [0.095, 0.782] mg/100g; Protein = 2.26 [0.00, 6.14] %; Omega3 = 0.301 [0.116, 0.790] g/100g; Selenium = 18.8 [5.5, 64.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11 [2, 52] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.281 [0.133, 0.569] mg/100g (wet weight);