Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino; salmastro demersale. Subtropical
Southeast Atlantic: known only from South Africa (Port Alfred to the mouth of the Storms River).
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 4107)
Spine dorsali (totale): 3; Raggi dorsali molli (totale): 20-23; Spine anali 0; Raggi anali molli: 17 - 18. Body brown, with 3-4 dark crossbars; dorsal surface of head chocolate brown; pectorals yellow-orange, with vague dark bars basally; caudal light orange-brown (Ref. 4107).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Hutchins, J.B., 1986. Batrachoididae. p. 358-361. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4107)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Informazioni ulteriori
Nomi ComuniSinonimiMetabolismoPredatoriEcotossicologiaRiproduzioneMaturitàDeposizioneSpawning aggregationFecundityUovaEgg development
Age/SizeAccrescimentoLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesMorfometriaMorfologiaLarveDinamica popolazioni larvaliReclutamentoAbbondanzaBRUVS
BibliografiaAcquacolturaProfilo di acquacolturaVarietàGeneticaElectrophoresesEreditarietàMalattieElaborazioneNutrientsMass conversion
CollaboratoriImmaginiStamps, Coins Misc.SuoniCiguateraVelocitàModalità di nuotoArea branchialeOtolithsCervelliVista
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).