分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Tenualosa: Latin, tenuis = thin + Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 大洋性; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 20°N - 10°N
Asia: Mekong River system.
亞洲: 湄公河流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 30857); 最大體重: 1.0 kg (Ref. 9497)
背棘 (總數): 0; 臀棘 0. Deep body (Ref. 43281). Belly with 28 to 30 scutes. Head large; a median notch in upper jaw which distinguishes it from other similar clupeids, except Hilsa kelee. gill rakers fine and numerous, 204 to 316 on lower part of arch (increasing with size of fish); with mucosal buds and not asperities on upper edges of rakers. Caudal fin moderate. A dark spot behind gill opening; a series of spots along flank (Ref. 188).
身體縱深.(參考文獻 43281) 腹面有 28 到 30個鱗甲。 頭部大的; 除了 Hilsa kelee 以外,在上頜的一個中央的凹槽可用來與其他的相似鯡魚區別。 鰓耙細且多,204 到 316 在弓的較下面的部位上;(隨著魚的大小增加) 與 mucosal 在耙的上緣上發芽而不是粗暴。 尾鰭中等的。 在鰓裂後面的一個深色斑點; 一系列的斑點沿著側面。 (參考文獻 188)
Inhabits mainstreams, lowland tributaries and floodplains (Ref. 58784). A riverine species, at least judging from the distance (as far as 2000 km from sea) up the Mekong River. A filter feeder specializing in microscopic food such as phytoplankton or bacteria found on particulate matter (Ref. 12693) and zooplankton (Ref. 58784). A ripe male was recorded at Nongkai, Thailand. Migrate up the Mekong River at Chinese New Year (late January to late February) in company with Cirrhinus spp. and Botia modesta and downstream in June-July with Cirrhinus spp. Most large spawning fish of 400-500 g weight. Last recorded large scale migrations was in 1984 and is likely to disappear (Ref. 9497). Largest individuals are found in the Great Lake and smaller ones in northern Cambodia (Ref. 12693). In the middle Mekong along the Thai-Lao border, small individuals (young of the year) of 4 to 5 cm TL were first encountered in the middle of April, which by the middle of May had doubled in average size. By early June, the average individuals taken in haul seines had a total length of 14 cm, although the consistent recruitment of smaller individuals half that size indicated that spawning period may have extended over more than one month. The abundance of young of the year increases during the onset of the rising water levels when the suspended solids increase. This species migrates downstream into Cambodia in July. It may follow the turbid floodwaters all the way to the Tonlé Sap, perhaps moving into the Great Lake as it fills with water from the Mekong. As water levels in the Great Lake fall, it migrates back down the Tonlé Sap to the Mekong. With water flow decreasing, it begins the movement upstream toward Khoné Falls. Whether or not an individual fish would cover this entire distance is unknown, as is the time required for such journey (Ref. 12693). Above the Khone Falls, a combination of the first rain, increased water levels and increased turbidity triggers the fish to undertake upstream migration to spawning sites associated with flooded areas in tributaries of the Mekong. As water starts to recede, it moves back to the mainstream (Ref. 37770). Its numbers seem to decline drastically for unknown reason, although it may be due to multiple factors including dam construction and over-fishing. The decline over the two decades may be due to the traps used at Khoné Falls. However, the previous government in Laos declared the traps illegal in 1968 and destroyed them, allowing fishing only by net and hook-and-line (Ref. 9497). Fishing improved all along the middle Mekong from Pakse to Vientiane following the destruction of the traps (Ref. 39350).
一個河棲性魚種, 至少判斷從距離 (遠達 2000 公里從海洋) 提高湄公河。 專吃微小的食物例如從微粒上找到的浮游植物或細菌的一個濾食動物.(參考文獻 12693) 一個成熟的雄魚在 Nongkai ，泰國被記錄。 在春節 (遲的一月到二月下旬) 向上洄游到湄公河伴隨著 Cirrhinus spp。 而且 橙鰭沙鰍〔Botia modesta〕 而且在六月到七月以 Cirrhinus spp 順流而下。 400-500 g 重量的大部分大被產卵的魚。 最後記錄大規模的迴游在 1984 年而且可能消失.(參考文獻 9497) 大的個體被發現於五大湖與較小的一個在柬埔寨北部。 (參考文獻 12693) 在湄公河中游中沿著泰寮邊界,4 到 5 公分TL 的小個體 (當年出生的幼魚) 在四月中第一個被見到, 平均大小已經加倍的在五月中旬以前。 在六月初之前，採自拖曳網的平均個體有了 14 公分的全長,雖然較小的個體一半那一個大小的前後添加量指出產卵時期可能已經延續超過一個月。 幼魚的年豐度增加在的開始的時候水位上升當懸浮固體增加的時候。 這種在七月移動下游進入柬埔寨。 它可能跟隨混濁的洪水一路到 Tonle Sap, 也許遷進五大湖當它裝滿水從湄公河。 在 Great 湖當水位下降時, 它向下游回 Tonle Sap 到湄公河。 藉由減退的水水流，它開始那逆流游到 Khone 瀑布。 是否一個個別的魚將會涵蓋整個路程是未知的, 如同是對如此的旅程是必需的時間.(參考文獻 12693) 在 Khone 瀑布，一個第一個雨的組合之上，增加的水位與增加的混濁引起魚進行對在湄公河的支流中的伴隨著洪泛區的產卵區的溯溪迴游。 當水開始後退, 它游回主流.(參考文獻 37770) 它的數字似乎大幅為未知的理由消退, 雖然它可能由於包括水壩建築與過漁的多個因素。 在兩者十年上的減少可能由於在 Khone 瀑布被使用的魚籠。 然而，在寮國的上一任政府宣佈在 1968 年是非法的魚籠而且破壞了他們, 允許只有釣魚藉著網與一支釣.(參考文獻 9497) 全部被改良的釣魚在魚籠的破壞之後從 Pakse 到 Vientiane 沿著湄公河中游。 (參考文獻 39350)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
亞洲: 湄公河流域。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
工具
特別的報告
下載 XML
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00433 - 0.01920), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Assuming fec > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
