Limnothrissa miodon (Boulenger, 1906)

Lake Tanganyika sardine

Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Classification	Actinopterygii \| Clupeiformes \| Clupeidae
Synonyms	Pellonula miodon, Microthrissa stappersii, Limnothrissa stappersii, ... more
Common names	Kapenta, Stappers brisling, Mweru-kapenta, ... more

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Image of Limnothrissa miodon (Lake Tanganyika sardine)

Picture by Mohamed, A.D.

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Main reference

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985. (Ref. 188)
Other references | Biblio | Coordinator | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 17.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4967); common length : 10.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4967)

Environment

Pelagic; non-migratory; freshwater; depth range 20 - 40 m (Ref. 27631)

Climate / Range

Tropical; 21°C - 29°C (Ref. 5392); 3°S - 18°S

Africa: Lake Tanganyika, but introduced into several other lakes (Lake Kivu, Lake Kariba, and Cabora Bassa reservoir). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 18; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 15 - 19; Vertebrae: 41 - 44. Body fairly slender. Pre-pelvic scutes not strongly keeled, beginning behind base of last pectoral fin ray. Maxilla blade over 4 times as long as its shaft, its lower toothed edge continued forward to meet hind tip of pre-maxilla; second supra-maxilla asymmetrical, lower half larger. Lower gill rakers long and slender. A distinct silver stripe along flank. Snout broad with tapering sides, not concave when viewed from above. It has a large air bladder which is responsible for its ability to move great vertical distances.

Near shore and in bays. Very common, has been successfully introduced to Lakes Kava, Kariba and Carbora Bass (Ref. 4967). A lacustrine species, preferring open water (Ref. 13337). Forms large schools. Mainly nocturnal and feeds on plankton (especially atyid shrimps, also copepods, prawns), but larger individuals take larval Stolothrissa. Cannibalism does occur (Ref. 13337). Breeds close to shore throughout the rainy seasons, but with peaks in May to June and December to January. Fire is used to attract the fish and caught by means of scoop nets (Ref. 36900).


IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 57073)	Threat to humans
Least Concern (LC)	Potential pest

Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; bait: usually


More information
Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration	Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg development	Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment	Other references Biblio Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Diseases Processing	Collaborators Pictures Stamps Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision

Tools
Biogeographic modelling \| E-book \| Field guide \| Length-frequency wizard \| Life-history tool \| Point map

Special reports
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Summary page \| Point data \| Common names \| Photos

Internet sources

Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models

Resilience (Ref. 69278)

High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.86-1.2)


Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)	Price category (Ref. 80766)
Low vulnerability (10 of 100)	Low

Entered by Binohlan, Crispina B.

Modified by Binohlan, Crispina B.

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Page last modified by : elaxamana, 15 July 2009

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