分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Harengula: Old English haring, hering = mackerel, the fish Clupea harengus (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). 亞熱帶的; 34°N - 4°N, 90°W - 52°W (Ref. 188)
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Florida (USA), Bahamas, Caribbean, Guianas (but no records to the south of this; no Brazilian specimens in the extensive collections of the Museu de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, Brazil).
西大西洋: 百慕達群島，佛羅里達 (美國) ，巴哈馬，加勒比海, 圭亞那 (但是這的沒有記錄到南方; 在巴西聖保羅動物博物館的廣泛的收藏中的沒有巴西的標本).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 11.0, range 9 - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 15.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 13-21; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 12 - 23. Tooth plate on tongue and tooth plate behind it (basihyal and basibranchial tooth plates) very narrow, their width about 10 times in combined length, the basihyal tooth plate not bulging in front. Scales thin, loosely attached, easily shed. Tips of anterior dorsal fin rays dark. Reddish or orange spot behind upper end of gill (Ref. 26938). Body slender, with evenly curved upper and lower profiles (Ref. 7251).
在它 (基舌骨與基鰓骨齒板) 後面的舌與齒碟上的齒碟非常狹窄的, 他們的寬度大約 10 倍組合的長度, 不被在前面凸出的基舌骨齒碟。 鱗片細的, 鬆弛地附上了, 容易地流出。 前面背鰭鰭條的頂端黑的。 在鰓的上端後面的淡紅或橘色的斑點.(參考文獻 26938) 身體細長的, 具有均勻地彎曲的上、下輪廓.(參考文獻 7251)
Occur in coastal waters, usually along the shoreline (Ref. 9710) and over clear coral reefs (Ref. 5217). May form large schools in beaches, mainly over Thalassia beds (Ref. 5217). Often in polluted areas (Ref. 9710).
出現於沿岸水域, 通常沿著海岸線 (參考文獻 9710) 與在清澈的珊瑚礁之上.(參考文獻 5217) 在海灘可能形成大群魚群, 主要地在泰來草床之上。 (參考文獻 5217) 常見於污染區域。 (參考文獻 9710)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西大西洋: 百慕達群島，佛羅里達 (美國) ，巴哈馬，加勒比海, 圭亞那 (但是這的沒有記錄到南方; 在巴西聖保羅動物博物館的廣泛的收藏中的沒有巴西的標本).
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 誘餌: usually
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.5 - 28, mean 26.7 °C (based on 104 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00606 - 0.01577), b=3.06 (2.93 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.41-1.03; tm=1.5; Fec=41,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 61.6 [28.5, 116.2] mg/100g; Iron = 1.07 [0.53, 1.98] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [19, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.348 [0.190, 0.650] g/100g; Selenium = 17.1 [8.4, 38.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.8 [17.1, 175.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.913 [0.586, 1.427] mg/100g (wet weight);
