分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Phycidae (Phycid hakes)
Etymology: Phycis: Taken from Greek, phykon = seaweed; because of the habits of this fish that lives hidden among them (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 10 - 1351 m (Ref. 104125), usually 100 - 450 m (Ref. 1371). 溫帶; 69°N - 20°N, 29°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway and Iceland to Cape Blanc, West Africa; also the Mediterranean.
東大西洋: 挪威與冰島到布朗角, 非洲西方部; 也地中海。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1371); 最大体重: 3.5 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 20 年 (Ref. 1371)
背棘 (总数): 0; 臀棘 0. Pelvic fin rays extremely elongated, reaching well beyond the origin of the anal fin. First dorsal fin with an elongate ray. Body color is brown to red-gray dorsally, becoming paler ventrally.
腹鳍鳍条非常地延长, 延伸到臀鳍起点后面。 第一背鳍有一个细长的鳍条。 体色是褐色到红色-灰色背面, 腹侧变成灰白。
Depth range from 10-800 m (Ref. 1371) and from 300-1047 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Found over sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 1371). Young more coastal and found on the continental shelf while adults migrate along the slope (Ref. 1371). Feed mainly on crustaceans and fishes (Ref. 1371). Commonly less than 45 cm TL (Ref. 1371). Marketed fresh, also as fillets and fishmeal (Ref. 1371).
来自 10- 的深度范围 800 公尺 (参考文献 01371) 与从 300-1047 公尺在爱奥尼亚的海洋东部中.(参考文献 56504) 发现在沙与泥底部上了。 (参考文献 1371) 幼鱼更海岸的而且发现于大陆棚虽然成鱼移动沿着斜坡.(参考文献 1371) 主要吃甲壳动物和鱼类。 (参考文献 1371) 通常少于 45 cm TL 。 (参考文献 1371) 在市场上销售生鲜地了, 也如鱼排与鱼粉.(参考文献 1371)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東大西洋: 挪威與冰島到布朗角, 非洲西方部; 也地中海。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 5.4 - 14.6, mean 9.1 °C (based on 672 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6255 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00468 (0.00393 - 0.00557), b=3.13 (3.08 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.21; tmax=20).
Prior r = 0.50, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.76, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 14.3 [7.7, 26.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.251 [0.143, 0.429] mg/100g; Protein = 17.5 [16.2, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.607 [0.312, 1.129] g/100g; Selenium = 30 [15, 57] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.7 [3.1, 36.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.415 [0.291, 0.603] mg/100g (wet weight);
