分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 2 - 150 m (Ref. 5222), usually 2 - 35 m (Ref. 40849). 亞熱帶的; 33°N - 28°S, 98°W - 28°W (Ref. 5222)
Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico, Bermuda, Caribbean (mainly insular localities), and Brazil.
西大西洋: 墨西哥灣，百慕達群島，加勒比海 (主要島的地點) 與巴西。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 84.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大体重: 10.2 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 41 年 (Ref. 36872)
背棘 (总数): 11; 背的软条 (总数): 16-18; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 10 - 12. Distinguished by the following characteristics: Tan to brown above, paler below; upper parts of head and most of body usually have small, brown, close-set spots; sometimes uniformly brown. Adults have exerted rays that are even and about equal in length; 23-27 total gill rakers (Ref. 26938); depth of body 3.0-3.4 times in SL; head length 2.8-3.0 times in SL; angular preopercle, enlarged serrae on prominent lobe at the angle and a distinct notch above the serrate lobe; greatly enlarged posterior nostrils in adults (Ref. 89707).
黄褐色的到上方褐色的, 腹面灰白的; 头部与大部分的身体的上部通常有小的,褐色,靠拢在一起斑点; 有时全身褐色的。 成鱼有发挥鳍条甚至那是大约长度相等; 23-27个总鳃耙.(参考文献 26938)
Found mainly on rocky or coral bottoms from the shoreline to at least 55 m depth; small and middle-sized individuals commonly occur in mangrove-lined lagoons. Feeds on fishes. Sex-reversal observed (Ref. 5521). More common in island waters than along the coast (Ref. 26938). The tricolored pattern of the juveniles mimics that of the juveniles of the clown wrasse, Halichoeres maculipinna. The aggressive mimic’s behavior includes folding down the median and caudal fins, which adds to its wrasse imitation and allows it to approach its otherwise wary prey (Ref. 43465). Marketed fresh; flesh is of good quality.
主要发现在岩石的或珊瑚底部从海岸线到至少 55 公尺深; 小而中等的个体通常出现在红树林林列的泻湖。 吃鱼。 性别-反转观察.(参考文献 5521) 比沿着海岸较常见于岛水域。 (参考文献 26938) 稚鱼的三色图案小丑隆头鱼， 斑鳍海猪鱼［Halichoeres maculipinna］ 拟态稚鱼。 侵略性拟态行为包括折叠的下来中动脉与尾鳍, 增加它的隆头鱼模仿，而且让它接近它的不一样小心猎物.(参考文献 43465) 在市场上销售生鲜地了; 肉是有好品质的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 32199).西大西洋: 墨西哥灣，百慕達群島，加勒比海 (主要島的地點) 與巴西。
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
更多信息
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.3 - 28, mean 26.4 °C (based on 460 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00395 - 0.01056), b=3.05 (2.92 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.06; tmax=41).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 12.7 [7.2, 26.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.445 [0.222, 0.786] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.4, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.22 [0.13, 0.39] g/100g; Selenium = 20.6 [9.7, 42.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 86.4 [25.1, 331.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.542 [0.353, 0.817] mg/100g (wet weight);
