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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Rastrelliger: Latin, rastra = rake + Latin, gero = to carry.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển; Ở đại duơng, biển (Ref. 51243); Mức độ sâu 20 - 90 m (Ref. 12260). Tropical; 17°C - ? (Ref. 54861); 38°N - 36°S, 20°E - 180°E (Ref. 54861)
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Indonesia, north to the Ryukyu Islands and China, south to Australia, Melanesia and Samoa. Entered the eastern Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm 21.0, range 17 - 24.5 cm
Max length : 36.0 cm con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 111654); 42.1 cm TL (female); common length : 25.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 30573); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 0.00 g; Tuổi cực đại được báo cáo: 4 các năm (Ref. 168)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng): 8 - 11; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng): 12; Tia cứng vây hậu môn 0; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 12. Head longer than body depth. Maxilla partly concealed, covered by lachrymal bone but extending to about hind margin of eye. Bristles on longest gill raker 105 on one side in specimens of 12.7 cm, 140 in 16 cm, and 160 in 19 cm fork length specimens. A black spot on body near lower margin of pectoral fin. Interpelvic process small and single. Swim bladder present. Anal spine rudimentary.
Adults occur in coastal bays, harbors and deep lagoons, usually in some turbid plankton-rich waters. Form schools. Feed on phytoplankton (diatoms) and small zooplankton (cladocerans, ostracods, larval polychaetes, etc.) (Ref. 9684). Small groups were seen eating eggs of Cheilio inermis straight after spawning (Ref. 48637). Adult individuals feed on macroplankton such as larval shrimps and fish. Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Generally marketed fresh, frozen, canned, dried-salted, and smoked; also made into fish sauce (Ref. 9684).
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: tính thương mại cao; cá để chơi: đúng; mồi: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.7 - 28.3, mean 27.3 °C (based on 491 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00767 - 0.00989), b=3.07 (3.04 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.38 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 (0.9 - 1.2) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 80
growth studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (K=0.2-1.9; tm=0.5-1; tmax=4; Fec = 37,690).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 3 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 200 [75, 539] mg/100g; Iron = 3.28 [1.58, 6.56] mg/100g; Protein = 20.6 [19.4, 21.9] %; Omega3 = 0.32 [0.15, 0.67] g/100g; Selenium = 47.6 [16.2, 153.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.8 [6.0, 89.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.24 [0.67, 3.18] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
