Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser; brackwasser; tiefenbereich 15 - 100 m (Ref. 30573). Tropical; 30°N - 21°S, 36°E - 178°W
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa (Ref. 2871, 5213, 30573) to Southeast Asia, north to Japan, south to Queensland, Australia. Reported from Fiji (Ref. 12743).
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm 15.0  range ? - 19.2 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 2872); common length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 2872)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt): 8 - 9; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt): 20-22; Afterflossenstacheln 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 25 - 28. Silvery grey with blue iridescence dorsally, silvery white ventrally; upper part of gill cover with a dusky black spot; fins pale yellow. Mouth large and oblique.
Found in coastal waters down to a depth of about 100 m (Ref. 30573) and between 15-90 m in western Indonesia (Ref. 12260). Feeds on sand-dwelling animals (Ref. 5213). Marketed fresh and dried salted.
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.3 - 28.6, mean 27.6 °C (based on 746 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00921 - 0.01802), b=2.94 (2.85 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (K=0.6).
Prior r = 0.75, 95% CL = 0.49 - 1.12, Based on 5 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (65 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 157 [98, 292] mg/100g; Iron = 1.74 [1.04, 2.72] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [18.2, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.314 [0.186, 0.547] g/100g; Selenium = 50.3 [25.4, 103.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.9 [7.9, 57.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.2 [0.9, 1.7] mg/100g (wet weight);