Bolbometopon muricatum (Valenciennes, 1840)

Green humphead parrotfish

Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Classification	Actinopterygii \| Perciformes \| Scaridae \| Scarinae
Synonyms	Scarus muricatus, Bolbometopon muricatus, Callyodon muricatus, ... more
Common names	Perroquet bossu vert, Loro cototo verde, Bumphead parrotfish, ... more

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Image of Bolbometopon muricatum (Green humphead parrotfish)

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AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS

Main reference

Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene. 1990. (Ref. 2334)
Other references | Biblio | Coordinator : Westneat, Mark | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 130 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710); common length : 70.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9793); max. published weight: 46.0 kg (Ref. 2334)

Environment

Reef-associated; marine; depth range 1 - 30 m (Ref. 9710)

Climate / Range

Tropical; 30°N - 24°S

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Samoa and the Line Islands, north to the Yaeyama and Wake islands, south to the Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 9. Median predorsal scales 2 to 4 (may be obscured by hump); scales on cheek scale rows 1(4-6), 2(3-6), 3(1-2) (Ref. 9793). Sometimes confused with the humphead wrasse or other 'humphead' parrotfishes (Ref. 1602). Unlike the wrasse, it has a vertical head profile, and unlike other parrotfishes, it is uniformly covered except for the leading edge of the head which is often light green to pink, and has a nodular outer surface to its beak (Ref. 1602). The primary phase is a dull gray with scattered white spots, gradually becoming uniformly dark green (Ref. 1602).

Juveniles found in lagoons; adults in clear outer lagoon and seaward reefs up to depths of at least 30 m (Ref. 9710). Usually in small groups. Feeds on benthic algae, live corals (Ref. 9710) and shellfishes (Ref. 58784). May ram its head against corals to facilitate feeding (Ref. 9710). Sleeps in caves and often in shipwrecks at night (Ref. 48636). The largest and wariest of the parrotfishes. Vulnerable to overfishing (Ref. 9710).


IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 57073)	Threat to humans
Vulnerable (VU) (A2d)	Harmless

Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial


More information
Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration	Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg development	Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment	Other references Biblio Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Diseases Processing	Collaborators Pictures Stamps Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision

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Internet sources

Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models

Resilience (Ref. 69278)

Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.10)


Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)	Price category (Ref. 80766)
High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100)	High

Entered by Capuli, Estelita Emily

Modified by Bailly, Nicolas

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Page last modified by : elaxamana, 15 July 2009

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