Cephalopholis boenak (Bloch, 1790)

Chocolate hind

Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Classification	Actinopterygii \| Perciformes \| Serranidae \| Epinephelinae
Synonyms	Bodianus boenak, Serranus boenak, Serranus boelang, ... more
Common names	Cherna chocolate, Brownbarred rockcod, Brownbarred grouper, ... more

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This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.

AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS

Main reference

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall. 1993. (Ref. 5222)
Other references | Biblio | Coordinator : Heemstra, Phillip C. | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 48635); max. reported age: 11 years (Ref. 45317)

Environment

Reef-associated; non-migratory; marine; depth range 1 - 64 m, usually 1 - 20 m (Ref. 37816)

Climate / Range

Tropical; 32°N - 32°S, 29°E - 171°E (Ref. 5222)

Indo-West Pacific: Kenya to southern Mozambique eastward to the western Pacific. Reported from the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819). Not reported from oceanic islands in the Indian Ocean, except for Aldabra, Comoros, Madagascar, and the Andaman and Lakshadweep islands. Unknown from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and from the islands of Micronesia except for Palau. Record from Rodriguez by Heemstra & Randall (1984, Ref. 3153) could not be verified and is probably erroneous (Ref. 33390).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15 - 17; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8. Brownish to greenish grey with dusky vertical bands over the body. White margins and black sub-margins on the median fins (Ref. 48635). Preopercle rounded, very finely serrate; no enlarged spines at angle, lower edge fleshy.

Mainly a coastal species (Ref. 48635). Inhabits silty dead reefs in protected waters. Secretive (Ref. 37816). Feeds mainly on fish (Ref. 30531) and crustaceans. Courtship and pair spawning were observed by Donaldson (1989, Ref. 6900). Diandric protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 45317).


IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 57073)	Threat to humans
Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group	Harmless

Human uses
Fisheries: subsistence fisheries; aquarium: commercial


More information
Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration	Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg development	Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment	Other references Biblio Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Diseases Processing	Collaborators Pictures Stamps Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision

Tools
Biogeographic modelling \| Bio-Quiz \| E-book \| Field guide \| Identification keys \| Length-frequency wizard \| Life-history tool \| Point map

Special reports
Check for Aquarium maintenance \| Check for Species Fact Sheets \| Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page \| Point data \| Common names \| Photos

Internet sources

Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models

Resilience (Ref. 69278)

Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (tm=1-2)


Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)	Price category (Ref. 80766)
Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100)	Very high

Entered by Capuli, Estelita Emily

Modified by Luna, Susan M.

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Page last modified by : elaxamana, 15 July 2009

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