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Larvae Information Summary for  Holtbyrnia latifrons
( not available )

Main Ref: Ambrose, D.A. 1996
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm)     12 35760
Preanal L. % TL        
Place of development planktonic
Larval area California Current region
Yolk-sac ovoid   pigmented Ref:  
Yolk   Oil globules  
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail no other melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Pigmentation: on eyes; shoulder organ; at site of posterior gular organ; posterior margin of opercle; dorsally on yolk sac; specks dorsally and ventrally on body margins.
Post larvae
Striking feature other
Striking shape lateral normal (not striking) dorsal  
Striking feature other
Shape of gut  
Gas bladder   early   late  
Spinal armature   early   late  
Pigmentation early
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail tail partly covered with melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Pigmentation late
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail tail partly covered with melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Urostyle region   early unpigmented late unpigmented
Pectorals normal melanophores at fin base
Pelvics normal (i.e. small or absent) melanophores at fin base
Photophore or round melanophore in gular region; orbital organ (anteriodorsal eye photophore) and subopercular organ (photophore) absent; intraventral organ (photophore between pelvic fin bases) present near end of yolk-sac stage; opercular opening extending dorsally to top of eye. Pigmentation: Postflexion: heaviest along lateral midline of body and at base of dorsal and anal fins but lightly scattered over entire body; proximally on caudal fin. Sequence of fin development: caudal, dorsal and anal, pelvics, pectorals.
Meristic characters
  max min mod Ref.
Total number of vertebrae 50 46   35760
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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