| Main Ref. | Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen, 1966 |
| Mode | protandry |
| Fertilization | external |
| Spawning frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
| Batch spawner | Ref. |
| Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Males mature at age 2 years, becoming females when older (Ref. 36558). Juveniles may ascend rivers migrating to the sea to spawn (Ref. 36558). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |