| Main Ref. | Staeck, W., 2003 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Ref. |
| Reproductive guild |
bearers external brooders |
| Parental Care | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Eggs are deposited on substrate and covered with sand; female protects clutch and takes larvae into the mouth after hatching; larvophile mouth brooder. This corrects previous information from Ref. 2060. |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |