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| No. | Valid Name | Author | English Name |
| 1. | Prochilodus argenteus | Spix & Agassiz, 1829 | |
| 2. | Prochilodus brevis | Steindachner, 1875 | Brazilian bocachico |
| 3. | Prochilodus britskii | Castro, 1993 | |
| 4. | Prochilodus costatus | Valenciennes, 1850 | |
| 5. | Prochilodus harttii | Steindachner, 1875 | |
| 6. | Prochilodus lacustris | Steindachner, 1907 | |
| 7. | Prochilodus lineatus | (Valenciennes, 1837) | Streaked prochilod |
| 8. | Prochilodus magdalenae | Steindachner, 1879 | |
| 9. | Prochilodus mariae | Eigenmann, 1922 | |
| 10. | Prochilodus nigricans | Spix & Agassiz, 1829 | Black prochilodus |
| 11. | Prochilodus reticulatus | Valenciennes, 1850 | Netted prochilod |
| 12. | Prochilodus rubrotaeniatus | Jardine, 1841 | |
| 13. | Prochilodus vimboides | Kner, 1859 |