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| No. | Valid Name | Author | English Name |
| 1. | Plesiolebias altamira | Costa & Nielsen, 2007 | |
| 2. | Plesiolebias aruana | (Lazara, 1991) | |
| 3. | Plesiolebias canabravensis | Costa & Nielsen, 2007 | |
| 4. | Plesiolebias filamentosus | Costa & Brasil, 2007 | |
| 5. | Plesiolebias fragilis | Costa, 2007 | |
| 6. | Plesiolebias glaucopterus | (Costa & Lacerda, 1989) | |
| 7. | Plesiolebias lacerdai | Costa, 1989 | |
| 8. | Plesiolebias xavantei | (Costa, Lacerda & Tanizaki, 1988) |