n = 23
| Scientific Name | Author | Valid Name | Family | English Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phalloceros alessandrae | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros alessandrae | Poeciliidae | Alessandra's toothcarp |
| Phalloceros anisophallos | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros anisophallos | Poeciliidae | Roque toothcarp |
| Phalloceros aspilos | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros aspilos | Poeciliidae | |
| Phalloceros buckupi | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros buckupi | Poeciliidae | Jacareí toothcarp |
| Phalloceros caudimaculatus | (Hensel, 1868) | Phalloceros caudimaculatus | Poeciliidae | Dusky millions fish |
| Phalloceros caudomaculatus | (Hensel, 1868) | Phalloceros caudimaculatus | Poeciliidae | Dusky millions fish |
| Phalloceros elachistos | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros elachistos | Poeciliidae | Córrego toothcarp |
| Phalloceros enneaktinos | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros enneaktinos | Poeciliidae | Nine ray toothcarp |
| Phalloceros harpagos | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros harpagos | Poeciliidae | Ellipse spot toothcarp |
| Phalloceros heptaktinos | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros heptaktinos | Poeciliidae | Seven ray toothcarp |
| Phalloceros leptokeras | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros leptokeras | Poeciliidae | Sapucaia toothcarp |
| Phalloceros leticiae | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros leticiae | Poeciliidae | Araguaia toothcarp |
| Phalloceros lucenorum | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros lucenorum | Poeciliidae | Jaquiá toothcarp |
| Phalloceros malabarbai | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros malabarbai | Poeciliidae | Itapoá toothcarp |
| Phalloceros megapolos | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros megapolos | Poeciliidae | Lindo toothcarp |
| Phalloceros mikrommatos | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros mikrommatos | Poeciliidae | Seguro toothcarp |
| Phalloceros ocellatus | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros ocellatus | Poeciliidae | Prado toothcarp |
| Phalloceros pellos | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros pellos | Poeciliidae | Antonina toothcarp |
| Phalloceros reisi | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros reisi | Poeciliidae | Apiaí toothcarp |
| Phalloceros spiloura | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros spiloura | Poeciliidae | Three point toothcarp |
| Phalloceros titthos | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros titthos | Poeciliidae | Breast toothcarp |
| Phalloceros tupinamba | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros tupinamba | Poeciliidae | Tupi toothcarp |
| Phalloceros uai | Lucinda, 2008 | Phalloceros uai | Poeciliidae | One spot toothcarp |