n = 12
| Scientific Name | Author | Valid Name | Family | English Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cnesterodon brevirostratus | Rosa & Costa, 1993 | Cnesterodon brevirostratus | Poeciliidae | |
| Cnesterodon carnegiei | Haseman, 1911 | Cnesterodon carnegiei | Poeciliidae | Carnegie's toothcarp |
| Cnesterodon decemmaculatus | (Jenyns, 1842) | Cnesterodon decemmaculatus | Poeciliidae | Ten spotted live-bearer |
| Cnesterodon decenmaculatus | (Jenyns, 1842) | Cnesterodon decemmaculatus | Poeciliidae | Ten spotted live-bearer |
| Cnesterodon holopteros | Lucinda, Litz & Recuero, 2006 | Cnesterodon holopteros | Poeciliidae | Whole fin toothcarp |
| Cnesterodon hypselurus | Lucinda & Garavello, 2001 | Cnesterodon hypselurus | Poeciliidae | Cilida toothcarp |
| Cnesterodon iguape | Lucinda, 2005 | Cnesterodon iguape | Poeciliidae | Iporanga tooth carp |
| Cnesterodon omorgmatos | Lucinda & Garavello, 2001 | Cnesterodon omorgmatos | Poeciliidae | Torres toothcarp |
| Cnesterodon pirai | Aguilera, Mirande & Azpelicueta, 2009 | Cnesterodon pirai | Poeciliidae | Almeida toothcarp |
| Cnesterodon raddai | Meyer & Etzel, 2001 | Cnesterodon raddai | Poeciliidae | Resistencia toothcarp |
| Cnesterodon scalpridens | Garman, 1895 | Pamphorichthys scalpridens | Poeciliidae | Chisel toothcarp |
| Cnesterodon septentrionalis | Rosa & Costa, 1993 | Cnesterodon septentrionalis | Poeciliidae | Swamp toothcarp |