n = 29
| Scientific Name | Author | Valid Name | Family | English Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Melanostomias albibarba | Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | Melanostomias melanops | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias bartonbeani | Parr, 1927 | Melanostomias bartonbeani | Stomiidae | Scaleless black dragonfish |
| Melanostomias bilobatus | Koefoed, 1956 | Leptostomias bilobatus | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias biseriatus | Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | Melanostomias biseriatus | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias braueri | Zugmayer, 1913 | Photonectes braueri | Stomiidae | Brauer's dragonfish |
| Melanostomias bulbosus | Beebe, 1933 | Melanostomias bartonbeani | Stomiidae | Scaleless black dragonfish |
| Melanostomias gladiator | (Zugmayer, 1911) | Leptostomias gladiator | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias globulifer | Fowler, 1934 | Melanostomias globulifer | Stomiidae | Brightchin dragonfish |
| Melanostomias gracilis | (Regan & Trewavas, 1930) | Leptostomias gracilis | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias heteropogon | Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | Melanostomias valdiviae | Stomiidae | Valdivia black dragon fish |
| Melanostomias longibarba | (Regan & Trewavas, 1930) | Leptostomias longibarba | Stomiidae | Treathed dragon fish |
| Melanostomias longipinnis | Pappenheim, 1912 | Bathophilus longipinnis | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias macrophotus | Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | Melanostomias macrophotus | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias margaritifer | Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | Melanostomias margaritifer | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias melanocaulus | Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | Melanostomias valdiviae | Stomiidae | Valdivia black dragon fish |
| Melanostomias melanopogon | Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | Melanostomias melanopogon | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias melanops | Brauer, 1902 | Melanostomias melanops | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias niger | Gilchrist & von Bonde, 1924 | Melanostomias niger | Stomiidae | Fangtooth dragonfish |
| Melanostomias nigroaxialis | Parin & Pokhil'skaya, 1978 | Melanostomias nigroaxialis | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias paucilaternatus | Parin & Pokhil'skaya, 1978 | Melanostomias paucilaternatus | Stomiidae | Spothead dragonfish |
| Melanostomias pauciradius | Matsubara, 1938 | Melanostomias pauciradius | Stomiidae | Three-ray dragonfish |
| Melanostomias pollicifer | Parin & Pokhil'skaya, 1978 | Melanostomias pollicifer | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias problematicus | Parr, 1927 | Leptostomias gladiator | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias ramosus | (Regan & Trewavas, 1930) | Leptostomias gladiator | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias spilorhynchus | Regan & Trewavas, 1930 | Melanostomias bartonbeani | Stomiidae | Scaleless black dragonfish |
| Melanostomias stewarti | Fowler, 1934 | Melanostomias stewarti | Stomiidae | |
| Melanostomias tentaculatus | (Regan & Trewavas, 1930) | Melanostomias tentaculatus | Stomiidae | Tentacle dragonfish |
| Melanostomias valdiviae | Brauer, 1902 | Melanostomias valdiviae | Stomiidae | Valdivia black dragon fish |
| Melanostomias vierecki | Fowler, 1934 | Melanostomias vierecki | Stomiidae |