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Summary for Clupea pallasii pallasii Larvae
Pacific herring

Clupea  pallasii pallasii  Valenciennes, 1847
Family:	Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens)
Order:	Clupeiformes
Class:	Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
English name:	Pacific herring
Distribution:	Arctic: White Sea eastward to Ob inlet. Western Pacific: Anadyr Bay, eastern coasts of Kamchatka, possibly the Aleutian Islands southward to Japan and west coast of Korea. Eastern Pacific: Kent Peninsula at 107°W and Beaufort Sea southward to northern Baja California, Mexico.
Adult biology:	Neritic species (Ref. 11230). A coastal and schooling species (Ref. 188). Landlocked populations exist. Mature adults migrate inshore, entering estuaries to breed. During the summer of their first year, young form schools in shallow bays, inlets and channels that appear at the surface; these schools disappear in the fall and remain in deep water for the next 2-3 years (Ref. 6885, 27547). Young feed mainly on crustaceans, but also take decapod and mollusk larvae; adults prey mainly on large crustaceans and small fishes (Ref. 6885, 27547). Because it does not undertake extensive coastal migrations, the mixing of local populations is relatively rare (Ref. 27547). In the eastern Pacific, the fish is mainly caught for roe markets in Asia (Ref. 9988). There is a fishery for eggs laid on kelp, which when salted, is called kazunoko-kombu, and is considered an delicacy in Japan (Ref. 27547). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked, canned, and frozen; eaten pan-fried, broiled, and baked (Ref. 9988). Possibly to 475 m depth (Ref. 6793).
Diagnosis:	Distinguished from Engraulis mordax by: more myomeres (usually >50); longer gut (consistently >70% SL); placement of dorsal fin relative to anus (6-7 myomeres between dorsal and anal fins); less isthmus pigment; prominent swimbladder in E. mordax; dorsal spots at notochord tip usually not in E. mordax; generally more pigmented; distinguished from Sardinops sagax by: presence of posteroventral pigment on gut; dorsal spots at notochord tip usually not in S. sagax. Pigmentation: isthmus, thoracic region; gut: dorsal, midventral (midventral melanophores on intestine usually paired, sometimes slightly offset); caudal, hypural. Sequence of fin development: caudal, dorsal, anal, pelvics, pectorals. See also LARVAE table.
Climate Zone:	temperate; 77°N - 33°N
Main Ref:	Matarese, A.C., A.W. Kendall, D.M. Blood and M.V. Vinter. 1989. (Ref. 265)
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	Modified: Luna, Susan M.	Entered: Garilao, Cristina V.

	Ref.:				Glossary
		(e.g. 9948)				(e.g. urostyle)

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Page created by Eli 09.11.99, last modified by Eli 04.03.05.