Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier, 1816)
Yellow stingray
Urobatis jamaicensis
photo by Estrada Anaya, R.A.

Family:  Urotrygonidae (American round stingrays)
Max. size:  76 cm TL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  reef-associated; marine; depth range 1 - 25 m
Distribution:  Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to northern South America. Also in Bahamas, Yucatan and throughout Caribbean (Ref. 26938).
Diagnosis:  Edge of disk no sharp angles, no dorsal fin. Well-developed caudal fin extends around tip of tail, doubly serrate spine near caudal fin base (Ref. 26938). Disk yellowish, with dark vermiculations and spots that form a variety of patterns on upper surface (Ref. 7251). Lower surface is yellowish, greenish or brownish white, tail with dark spots (Ref.6902).
Biology:  Commonly found along sandy beaches to the water's edge, and especially in sandy areas in and around coral reefs (Ref. 7251). Raises front end of disc to attract prey seeking shelter (Ref. 7251). Feeds on shrimps, probably also on small fishes, clams, and worms (Ref. 12951). Known to be capable of inflicting dangerous wounds with its venomous spine. Easily approached (Ref. 9710). A live-bearing species, produces 3 to 4 young (Ref. 26938).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 21 June 2019 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  venomous


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