Heterobranchus bidorsalis Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809
African catfish

Family:  Clariidae (Airbreathing catfishes)
Max. size:  150 cm TL (male/unsexed); max.weight: 30 kg
Environment:  demersal; freshwater
Distribution:  Africa: Nile (Ref. 3820), Senegal, Gambia, Volta, Niger, Benue rivers and Lake Chad (Ref. 57129).
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 0-0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 40-46; Anal soft rays: 49-58; Vertebrae: 62-63. Diagnosis: length of rayed dorsal fin 37-42% standard length; 40-46 dorsal-fin rays; length of adipose fin 22-27% standard length (Ref. 57129). No serrations on the anterior part of the pectoral spine (Ref. 270, 57129). Head oval-shaped to rectangular dorsally; snout broadly rounded; eyes rather laterally placed; frontal fontanelle long and narrow; occipital fontanelle relatively long and oval shaped; 'postorbital' bones completely united; suprabranchial organ well developed; pectoral spine smooth; openings of secondary sensory canals with regular geometric pattern (Ref. 270). Coloration: preserved specimens: greyish-brown on back and sides, pale brown on belly; some specimens show a marbled colouration, particularly on posterior part of body; caudal fin often with one or more vertical cross-bars (Ref. 57129). Body and fins occasionally with irregularly placed spots (Ref. 270).
Biology:  Hardly anything is known about the biology of this species (Ref. 78218). Maximum reported size for West Africa: 800 mm TL (Ref. 57129).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 01 November 2019 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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