主な参照 | Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983 |
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意見 | Feeds on fish, squids and benthic invertebrates (Ref. 27640). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
参照 | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
供給様式 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Orlov, A.M., 1998 |
食性 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | 原本のサンプル | Unfished population | 意見 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
餌料組成から | 4.19 | 0.45 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
個々の食物品目から | 4.15 | 0.67 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
参照 | Brodeur, R.D. and P.A. Livingston, 1988 |