Salvador [El] country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: In range Ref. 5592.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/es.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Krupp, F. and W. Schneider, 1995
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Machín bandera, Pez bandera, Pez ángel, ... more

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Pomacanthidae (Angelfishes)
Etymology: Holacanthus: Greek, holos = full + Greek, akantha = thorn (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; non-migratory; depth range 4 - 30 m (Ref. 5227). Tropical; 28°N -

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.6 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5592); common length : 15.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 55763)

Diurnal grazer on sessile invertebrates and algae but specializes to a larger extent on sponges. Also feeds on plankton. Reproduction occurs in late summer. Females are more territorial and form pair bonds with the males. Oviparous (Ref. 240), monogamous (Ref. 52884). Sometimes forms mixed aggregations with Pomacanthus zonipectus (Ref. 9333). Cleaning behavior has been observed in juveniles.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Spawn daily throughout the lunar cycle (Ref. 240). Protogyny has been proposed for this species awaiting confirmation (Ref. 103751). Monogamous mating is observed as both facultative and social (Ref. 52884).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Thomson, D.A., 1987. Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez. The rocky-shore fishes of the Gulf of California. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson. 302 p. (Ref. 5592)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 08 October 2009

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Aquarium: commercial

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 22.9 - 29.1, mean 27 (based on 211 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02951 (0.01513 - 0.05755), b=2.91 (2.74 - 3.08), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.6 ±0.33 se; based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).

Holacanthus passer Valenciennes, 1846